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. 2025 Aug 26;25:1128. doi: 10.1186/s12870-025-07212-3

Table 2.

Treatment details

Treatment symbol Treatment details
TPR -CTW Transplanted rice- Conventional tilled wheat
TPR- CTW (RI) Transplanted rice - Conventional tilled wheat with rice residue incorporation
TPR-ZTW (RR) Transplanted rice - Zero-tilled wheat with rice residue retention
TPRAWD – CTW Transplanted rice with alternate wetting & drying - Conventional tilled wheat
TPRAWD - ZTW (RR) Transplanted rice with alternate wetting & drying - Zero-tilled wheat with rice residue retention
ZTDSR-CTW (RI) Zero-till Direct seeded rice- Conventionally tilled wheat with rice residue incorporation
ZTDSR-ZTW (RR) Zero-till Direct seeded rice- Zero-tilled wheat with rice residue retention
ZTDSR – CTW Zero-till Direct seeded rice - Conventionally tilled wheat

Note: TPR: Puddled Transplanted Rice, CTW: Conventionally Tilled Wheat, ZTW: Zero-tilled Wheat, TPRAWD: TPR with Alternate Wetting and Drying, ZTDSR: Zero-tilled Direct Seeded Rice, RI: Residue incorporation and RR: Residue retention