Skip to main content
. 2025 Aug 26;25:630. doi: 10.1186/s12872-025-04864-9

Table 1.

The main characteristics of the included studies

First author, Year of publication Aim of study Searching databases Date of search The number of total included studies Number of total participants Effect size Main outcomes Quality assessment
Brown, 2025 [39] Noise and CVD MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase Up to 20th October 2024 28 - RR 1.03 [95% CI: 1.02–1.05 Low
Pyko, 2023[29] Nosie and IHD - - 9 132,801 OR 1.03 (95% CI 1.00, 1.05) Low
Fu, 2023 [33] Noise and HF9, AF, CVD, Stroke, and MI PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science Articles published before April 4, 2022 23 - RR 2% (RR 1.020, 95% CI 1.006–1.035) for CVD, 3.4% (1.034, 1.026–1.043) for stroke, 5% (1.050, 1.006–1.096) for heart failure, 1.1% (1.011, 1.002–1.021) for AF, 1% (1.010, 1.003–1.017) for MI, and 2.3% (1.023, 1.016–1.030) for HF Low
Song, 2022[38] Noise and AF3 Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), SinoMed (CBM), Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, China Science and Technology Journal VIP Database January 5, 2022 5 3,866,986 RR (1.05; 95% CI: 1.02–1.09) Low
Liu, 2022[34] Noise and MI1 PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science December 19, 2021 20 13,764,940 RR2 (1.18, 95% CI: 1.12 − 1.24) Moderate
Fu, 2022[32] Noise and stroke PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus June 26, 2022 21 16,075,204 RR (1.03, 95%CI:1.00–1.07) Moderate
Rabiei, 2021[31] Noise and BP7 Medline/PubMed, Embase, Scopus, ISI/web of knowledge, and Google Scholar 2020 (March to May) 139 - OR (1.28, 95% CI: 1.15–1.42) Very low
Teixeira, 2021[21] Noise and IHD8, Stroke, and HTN PubMed/Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Lilacs + grey literature April 2019 and January 2020 14 534,688 RR (1.29, 95% CI 1.15–1.43) for IHD, (1.11, 95% CI 0.88–1.39) for Stroke, and (1.07, 95% CI 0.90–1.28) for HTN Low
Chen, 2021[25] Noise and HTN PubMed and Embase October 2019 11 224,829 RR (1.18; 95% CI: 1.06 to 1.32). Moderate
Cai, 2020[40] Noise and cardiovascular mortality PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EMBASE January 01, 2000, and October 05, 2020 13 - RR 1.01 (95% CI: 0.98, 1.05) Moderate
Khosravipour, 2020[35] Noise and MI Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and PubMed November 29, 2019 13 1,626,910 RR 1.02 (95%CI: 1.00, 1.05) High
Bolm-Audorff, 2020[26] Noise and HTN6 Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science May 19, 2019 24 - RR 1.81 (95% CI 1.51–2.18) High
Yang, 2018[30] Noise and BP, and ECG abnormalities PubMed, Embase, Chinese SciencePeriodical Database, Chinese Science and Technology JournalDatabase, and Chinese Journal Full–text Database 2000 to 2017 11 7839 OR 2.55 (95% CI: 1.94–3.36) for BP and 2.27 (I2 = 22%, 95% CI: 1.96–2.62) for ECG abnormalities Moderate
Dzhambov, 2018[24] Noise and HTN MEDLINE (PubMed) and EMBASE (ScienceDirect) August 5, 2017 14 - RR 1.01 (95% CI: 0.98, 1.05) Low
Fu, 2017[23] Noise and risk of HTN PubMed and Embase December 2016 32 264 678 OR 1.62 (95% CI: 1.40–1.88) Low
Miao, 2016[36] Noise exposure and CHD PubMed and Web of Knowledge October 2015 8 23,749 RR (1.21, 95% CI = 1.05–1.40) Very low
Huang, 2015[22] Noise and HTN PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and the Chinese Biomedical Literature PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database 5 16,784 OR 1.63 (95% CI, 1.14–2.33) Moderate
Vienneau, 2015[27] Noise and IHD PubMed and EMBASE for the 20-year period prior to January 2014 10 - RR 1.06 (95% CI 1.03–1.09) Low
Babisch, 2014[37] Noise and CHD4 PubMed and Scopus 2013 14 - OR5 1.08 (95% CI: 1.04,1.13) Very low
Van Kempen, 2012[19] Noise and HTN PubMed until 2010 24 - OR 1.03 (95% CI:1.01–1.05) Very low
Tomei, 2010[20] Noise and HTN and ECG abnormalities

PubMed

Embase

Scopus

BioMed Central

Toxline

NIOSHTIC-2

from 1950 to May 2008 15 18,658 OR 2.51 (95% CI: 2.00 to 3.26) for HTN and 2.47 (95% CI: 1.71 to 3.58) for ECG abnormalities. Low
Van Kempen, 2002[28] Noise, BP, and IHD MEDLINE, EMBASE, BIOSIS, and SCISEARCH between 1970 and 1999 43 - RR 1.14 (95% CI 1.01–1.29) Low

1 = Myocardial infarction / 2 = Risk ratio / 3 = Atrial fibrillation / 4 = coronary heart disease / 5 = Odd ratio / 6 = Hypertension / 7 = Blood pressure / 8 = ischemic heart disease