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. 2025 Aug 26;15(37):30347–30359. doi: 10.1039/d5ra04889c

Table 4. The variation of key parameters of OSCs with front and back work functions.

Work function of electrode (eV) V OC (V) J SC (mA cm−2) FF (%) PCE (%)
Front electrode 3.8 1.271 15.261 87.347 16.947
4.0 1.178 15.260 80.477 14.469
4.2 0.981 15.259 76.879 11.514
4.4 0.781 15.258 71.987 8.583
4.6 0.581 15.256 64.265 5.701
Back electrode 4.8 1.264 14.399 85.570 15.586
5.0 1.269 14.403 87.430 15.980
5.2 1.270 14.894 87.386 16.534
5.4 1.271 15.261 87.347 16.947
5.6 1.271 15.262 87.347 16.948