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. 2025 Aug 26;15(37):30347–30359. doi: 10.1039/d5ra04889c

Table 5. Description of photovoltaic characteristics of reported small molecule-based organic solar cellsa.

Author Structure V OC (V) J SC (mA cm−2) FF (%) PCE (%) Stability
Huo et al.53 ITO/PEDOT:PSS/BDTTVT-DPP:IDIC/PDIN/Al 0.82 11.30 59.17 5.48 Not reported
Lin et al.54 ITO/ZnO/BDTS-2DPP:IEIC/MoOx/Ag 0.94 10.87 59.00 6.03 Not reported
Yang et al.55 ITO/PEDOT:PSS/DR3TBDTT:O-IDTBR/BCP/Al 1.15 11.06 50.00 6.36 Not reported
Zhang et al.56 TO/ZnO/DR3TBDTC:PBN-11/MoO3/Al 1.11 11.18 64.60 8.01 Retain 89% after 168 hours at 180 °C and 74% after 72 hours under illumination
Bin et al.57 ITO/PEDOT:PSS/H11:IDIC/PDINO/Al 0.97 15.21 65.46 9.73 Not reported
Guo et al.58 ITO/PEDOT:PSS/BDT(TVT-SR)2:IDIC/PDINO/Al 0.98 15.92 71.15 11.10 Retain 49% after 96 hours at 80 °C and 90% after 200 hours under illumination
Yang et al.59 ITO/ZnO/DRTB-TC4:IT-4F/MoO3/Al 0.91 18.27 68.00 11.24 Not reported
Gao et al.60 ITO/PEDOT:PSS/ZnP-TBO:6TIC/C60-bissalt/Ag 0.80 20.44 73.87 12.08 Retain 97% after 100 hours in air (25 °C, humidity <15%)
Gao et al.61 ITO/PEDOT:PSS/SMD:BO-4Cl/PFN-Br:MA/Ag 0.84 24.38 72.7 15.00 Retain 70% after 450 hours at 80 °C
Guo et al.62 ITO/PEDOT:PSS/SMDs:Y6/PDINN/Ag 0.84 26.64 69.70 15.71 Retain 75% after 225 hours under illumination
Wang et al.63 ITO/PEDOT:PSS/PM6:SD62:L8-BO/PNDIT F3N/Ag 0.88 26.08 77.75 17.88 Retain 75% after 250 hours under illumination
This work ITO/SA1/PC 71 BM/Pt 1.27 15.26 87.34 16.94 Retain 94% at 145 °C
a

PEDOT-PSS: poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly-(styrene-sulfonate); PDINO: perylene diimide functionalized with amino N-oxide.