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. 2025 Aug 20;57:42639. doi: 10.2340/jrm.v57.42639

Table II.

Results of multivariate analyses of variances of physical and psychosocial variables of the STarT Back screening tool (SBST) subgroups (N = 595)

Effect df Pillai F-value df (num, den) p-value
SBST 2 0.66 31.76 14, 896 < 0.001*
Age 1 0.02 1.49 7, 447 0.171
Gender 1 0.03 2.09 7, 447 0.043
BMI 1 0.11 8.20 7, 447 < 0.001*
SBST:Age 2 0.03 0.91 14, 896 0.553
SBST:Gender 2 0.03 1.13 14, 896 0.325
SBST:BMI 2 0.04 1.25 14, 896 0.236

BMI: body mass index; df: degrees of freedom; Pillai: Pillai’s trace statistic; F-value: multivariate test statistic, representing the ratio of model variance to error variance; num: numerator; den: denominator; p-value: significance value, interpreted against a Bonferroni-corrected alpha of 0.0167 (0.05/3) because 3 MANOVAs were performed.