Table 2.
Lesion-Level Characteristics and Small Biopsy Specimen Pattern Identification Analysis*
| Variable | Full Cohort (n=242) | Cohort Subgroups | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pattern Identified (n=172) | Pattern Not Identified (n=70) | P-Value | ||||
| Largest Dimension (mm) | 23.0 (16.0–32.8) | 23.2 (1.60–32.9) | 22.1 (15.6–32.8) | >0.9 | ||
| Radiographic Consistency | >0.9 | |||||
| Solid | 159 (66) | 113 (71) | 46 (29) | |||
| Non-Solid** | 83 (34) | 59 (66) | 24 (34) | |||
| Lung Zone*** | 0.9 | |||||
| Upper | 164 (68) | 117 (71) | 47 (29) | |||
| Lower | 78 (32) | 55 (70) | 23 (30) | |||
| Centrality | 0.007 | |||||
| Inner 2/3 | 126 (52) | 80 (47) | 46 (66) | |||
| Outer 1/3 | 116 (48) | 92 (53) | 24 (34) | |||
| Number of Traversed Airway Generations | 0.2 | |||||
| <7 | 80 (33) | 53 (63) | 27 (37) | |||
| ≥7 | 162 (67) | 119 (73) | 43 (27) | |||
| Radial Probe EBUS | ||||||
| Not Used | 33 (14) | 22 (67) | 11 (33) | |||
| Used | 209 (86) | 150 (72) | 59 (28) | 0.6 | ||
| Concentric | 96 (46) | 66 (69) | 30 (31) | |||
| Eccentric | 80 (38) | 60 (75) | 20 (25) | |||
| No View | 33 (16) | 24 (73) | 9 (27) | |||
| Intraoperative Imaging | 0.8 | |||||
| Pulsed Fluoroscopy Only | 62 (26) | 45 (73) | 17 (27) | |||
| Pulsed Fluoroscopy and CBCT | 180 (74) | 127 (71) | 53 (29) | |||
| Forceps Biopsy Performed | 229 (95) | 161 (70) | 68 (30) | 0.4 | ||
| Cryobiopsy Performed | 51 (21) | 45 (88) | 6 (12) | 0.002 | ||
CBCT, cone-beam computed tomography; EBUS, endobronchial ultrasound.
*
Summaries are presented as median (interquartile range) or n (%).
**
A composite variable including semi-solid, pure groundglass, and cavitary lesions.
***
Upper lung zone includes the upper and middle lobes while the lower lung zone includes the lower lobes.