Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Study Participants
| Characteristic | Overall (n = 511) | Survive (n = 426) | Death (n = 85) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, year (mean±SD) | 89.9±8.5 | 90.1±8.2 | 89.2±9.7 | 0.381 |
| Gender, n (%) | ||||
| Female | 15 (2.9) | 11 (2.6) | 4 (4.7) | 0.479 |
| Male | 496 (97.1) | 415 (97.4) | 81 (95.3) | |
| Department, n (%) | ||||
| Internal medicine | 460 (90.0) | 384 (90.1) | 76 (89.4) | 0.995 |
| Surgery medicine | 51 (10.0) | 42 (9.9) | 9 (10.6) | |
| Smoking, n (%) | ||||
| No | 313 (61.3) | 262 (61.5) | 51 (60.0) | 0.891 |
| Yes | 198 (38.7) | 164 (38.5) | 34 (40.0) | |
| Diabetes, n (%) | ||||
| No | 293 (57.3) | 251 (58.9) | 42 (49.4) | 0.134 |
| Yes | 218 (42.7) | 175 (41.1) | 43 (50.6) | |
| Hypertension, n (%) | ||||
| No | 123 (24.1) | 103 (24.2) | 20 (23.5) | 0.997 |
| Yes | 388 (75.9) | 323 (75.8) | 65 (76.5) | |
| Coronary disease, n (%) | ||||
| No | 242 (47.4) | 201 (47.2) | 41 (48.2) | 0.953 |
| Yes | 269 (52.6) | 225 (52.8) | 44 (51.8) | |
| Number of operations, n (%) | ||||
| 0 | 332 (65.0) | 271 (63.6) | 61 (71.8) | 0.175 |
| 1 | 111 (21.7) | 99 (23.2) | 12 (14.1) | |
| ≥2 | 68 (13.3) | 56 (13.1) | 12 (14.1) | |
| ICU, n (%) | ||||
| No | 432 (84.5) | 360 (84.5) | 72 (84.7) | 0.998 |
| Yes | 79 (15.5) | 66 (15.5) | 13 (15.3) | |
| Dialysis, n (%) | ||||
| No | 492 (96.3) | 411 (96.5) | 81 (95.3) | 0.831 |
| Yes | 19 (3.7) | 15 (3.5) | 4 (4.7) | |
| Days of ventilator, n (%) | ||||
| 0 | 251 (49.1) | 228 (53.5) | 23 (27.1) | <0.001 |
| 1-30 | 58 (11.4) | 22 (5.2) | 36 (42.4) | |
| 31-90 | 106 (20.7) | 81 (19.0) | 25 (29.4) | |
| >90 | 96 (18.8) | 95 (22.3) | 1 (1.2) | |
| Days of central venous catheter, n (%) | ||||
| 0 | 83 (16.2) | 74 (17.4) | 9 (10.6) | <0.001 |
| 1-60 | 127 (24.9) | 79 (18.5) | 48 (56.5) | |
| 61-90 | 137 (26.8) | 116 (27.2) | 21 (24.7) | |
| >90 | 164 (32.1) | 157 (36.9) | 7 (8.2) | |
| Days of urinary catheter, n (%) | ||||
| 0 | 189 (37.0) | 163 (38.3) | 26 (30.6) | <0.001 |
| 1-60 | 97 (19.0) | 57 (13.4) | 40 (47.1) | |
| 61-90 | 89 (17.4) | 75 (17.6) | 14 (16.5) | |
| >90 | 136 (26.6) | 131 (30.8) | 5 (5.9) | |
| Chemotherapy or radiotherapy, n (%) | ||||
| No | 458 (89.6) | 388 (91.1) | 70 (82.4) | 0.027 |
| Yes | 53 (10.4) | 38 (8.9) | 15 (17.6) | |
| Blood transfusion, n (%) | ||||
| No | 311 (60.9) | 264 (62.0) | 47 (55.3) | 0.303 |
| Yes | 200 (39.1) | 162 (38.0) | 38 (44.7) | |
| Combination of antibacterial drug, n (%) | ||||
| No | 71 (13.9) | 67 (15.7) | 4 (4.7) | 0.012 |
| Yes | 440 (86.1) | 359 (84.3) | 81 (95.3) | |
| Length of hospital stay (median [IQR]) | 90.0 (65.4, 96.0) | 91.0 (82.1, 98.0) | 56.4 (34.2, 78.1) | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: IQR, interquartile range; SD, Standard Deviation; ICU, Intensive Care Unit.