Table 4.
Details of Related Events Associated with Awake Flexible Bronchoscopy Intubation
| Overall | First Attempt Success | Multiple Attempts Success | P-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 147) | (n = 128) | (n = 19) | ||
| Cough and gag grade | ||||
| Pre-intubation | <0.001 | |||
| 0 | 134 (91.16%) | 123 (96.09%) | 11 (57.89%) | |
| 1 | 13 (8.84%) | 5 (3.91%) | 8 (42.11%) | |
| During intubation | <0.001 | |||
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1 | 134 (91.16%) | 125 (97.66%) | 9 (47.37%) | |
| 2 | 13 (8.84%) | 3 (2.34%) | 10 (52.63%) | |
| 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| After intubation | 0.013 | |||
| 0 | 121 (82.31%) | 108 (84.38%) | 13 (68.42%) | |
| 1 | 23 (15.65%) | 19 (14.84%) | 4 (21.05%) | |
| 2 | 3 (2.04%) | 1 (0.78%) | 2 (10.53%) | |
| 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Secretion grade | 0.169 | |||
| 0 | 64 (43.54%) | 57 (44.53%) | 7 (36.84%) | |
| 1 | 53 (36.05%) | 48 (37.50%) | 5 (26.32%) | |
| 2 | 28 (19.05%) | 22 (17.19%) | 6 (31.58%) | |
| 3 | 2 (1.36%) | 1 (0.78%) | 1 (5.26%) | |
| Change of more experienced operator | 11 (7.48%) | 6 (4.69%) | 5 (26.32%) | 0.004 |
| Change of ETT size | 3 (2.04%) | 0 | 3 (15.79%) | <0.001 |
| Allergic reaction | 1 (0.68%) | 1 (0.78%) | 0 | >0.999 |
| Desaturation | 8 (5.44%) | 7 (5.47%) | 1 (5.26%) | >0.999 |
| Bradycardia | 9 (6.12%) | 8 (6.25%) | 1 (5.26%) | >0.999 |
| Arrhythmia | 1 (0.68%) | 1 (0.78%) | 0 | >0.999 |
Notes: Values are presented as n (%). Cough and gag grades during the procedure were defined as: 0: no reaction; 1: minimal coughing and gagging <3 times that do not hinder intubation; 2: mild cough and gag lasting for <1 min hindering intubation; 3: persistent coughing and gagging with defensive movement of head or hands. Secretion Grades were defined as: 0: no visible secretion; 1: small amount of secretion that does not require any oropharyngeal suction; 2: moderate amount of secretion that can be completely removed by oropharyngeal suction; 3: large amount of secretion that requires oropharyngeal suction more than two times during the procedure. Desaturation was defined as SpO2 ≤ 90%.
Abbreviation: ETT, endotracheal tube.