Table 2.

PubMed search terms

Search	Search combination used
#1	“Dynamic treatment regimens” OR “Dynamic treatment regime*” OR “Dynamic treatment strategies” OR “Adaptive intervention*” OR “adaptive strateg*” OR “adaptive treatment*” OR “time-varying” OR “time-dependent” OR “treatment policy” OR “treatment policies” OR “Sequential treatment decisions”
#2	“Causal” OR “Causal inference” OR “Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimation” OR “TMLE” OR “targeted maximum likelihood estimation”) OR “targeted minimum loss based estimation” OR “targeted minimum loss-based estimation” OR “targeted machine learning” OR “targeted learning” OR “targeted machine-learning” OR “Inverse Probability of treatment weighting” OR “IPTW” OR “Augmented Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting” OR “AIPTW” OR “Structural Nested Mean Models” OR “SNMM” OR “G-Estimation” OR “g-formula” OR “g-computation formula” OR “Marginal structural model” OR “Causal AI” OR"causal ML"OR"Causal deep learning"OR"Bayesian causal"
#3	“Observational” OR “Non-randomized” OR “non-randomised” OR “real-world*” OR “Electronic medical records” OR “EMR” OR “Electronic health records” OR “EHR”
#4	#1 AND #2 AND #3