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. 2025 Aug 14;47(8):655. doi: 10.3390/cimb47080655
3-NT 3-Nitrotyrosine
4-HNE 4-Hydroxynonenal
ABC ATP-binding cassette
AGEs Advanced glycation end-products
AOPPs Advanced oxidation protein products
–C=O Carbonyl groups
CAT Catalase
CRP C-reactive protein
deoxyHb Deoxyhemoglobin
D-Gal D-Galactose
Fe2+ Ferrous ion
G6PD Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
GPA Glycophorin A
GPC Glycophorin C
GPD Glycophorin D
GpX Glutathione peroxidase
GR Glutathione reductase
GSH Reduced glutathione
H2O2 Hydrogen peroxide
Hb Hemoglobin
HbA1c Glycated hemoglobin
HT Hydroxytyrosol
HVA Homovanillyl alcohol
L• Lipid radical
MDA Malondialdehyde
metHb Methemoglobin
NEM N-ethylmaleimide
NO Nitric oxide
–NO2 Nitro group
O2 Oxygen
OH• Hydroxyl radical
ONOO− Peroxynitrite
oxyHb Oxyhemoglobin
P-Tyr Phosphotyrosine
PKA Protein kinase A
PKC Protein kinase C
Prx Peroxiredoxin
PS Phosphatidylserine
PUFAs Polyunsaturated fatty acids
RAGE Receptor for advanced glycation end-products
RBCs Red blood cells
ROO• Peroxyl radical
ROOH Lipid peroxides
ROS Reactive oxygen species
–SO2H Sulfinic acid
–SO3H Sulfonic acid
SOD Superoxide dismutase
–SOH Sulfenic acid intermediates
β-Thal+ β-thalassemia minor