Table 1.
A summary of different studies emphasizing the implications of SOD in various diseases.
| Disease | Type of SOD | Subjects | Conclusion of the Study | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Breast cancer | Cu/Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD | 70 | Patients with breast cancer may have elevated SOD expression in response to the buildup of free radicals. The improvement in the expression of activated SODs may be attributed to anastrozole treatment. |
[63] |
| Breast cancer | SOD2 | 80 | A poor prognosis was associated with increased SOD2 expression. | [64] |
| Glioblastomas | Mn-SOD | 30 | Using this SOD protein as a marker could aid in developing treatment plans for glioblastoma patients. | [65] |
| Glioblastomas | SOD | 100 | Following treatment, SOD and CAT levels increased and the hydrogen inhalation group’s overall impact was noticeably superior to that of the conventional group. | [66] |
| Colorectal cancer | Serum SOD | 176 | The total cohort’s risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) decreased as SOD increased, with the lowest risk being seen in the fourth quartile of SOD levels relative to the first. | [67] |
| Pancreatic cancer | SOD1 | 50 | In pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis, oxidative stress indicators were elevated and antioxidant defense system capacity was decreased. | [68] |
| Gastric cancer | Serum SOD | 34 | A poor prognosis for individuals with far-advanced (stage IV) stomach cancer may come from a decrease in serum SOD activity in older patients, which could be caused by a weakened host antioxidant defense. | [69] |
| Oral cancer | NA | 87 | The amount of SOD falls and the amount of NO activity rises during carcinogenesis and tumor growth. These NO and SOD levels may also be used as prognostic indicators and treatment goals for patients with this type of illness. | [70] |
| Lung cancer | Cu-Zn SOD | 32 | Patients with NSCLC and SCLC had overall higher levels of NOradical dot, MDA, and TGHS as well as activity of XO, CAT, CuZn SOD, and unaltered GSH-Px GST as compared to the control group. | [71] |
| Brain cancer (Intracranial neoplasm) | Erythrocyte SOD | 30 | Significant oxidative stress in brain tumors may be triggered by a considerable decline in antioxidant levels. Furthermore, the degree of aggressiveness in brain tumors may be indicated by the drop in antioxidant levels. | [72] |
| Brain Tumor | Total SOD (Both Mn-SOD and Cu,Zn-SOD) | 32 | CAT activity was 106.3% greater and SOD activity was much lower in brain tumor tissue compared to controls. | [73] |
| Inflammatory disease (Periprosthetic joint infection) | Serum SOD | 50 | Serum SOD demonstrated significant promise in periprosthetic joint infection diagnosis. | [74] |
| HEV-induced liver failure | Serum SOD | 30 | SOD levels were higher in patients with HEV-induced liver failure than in HEV-AVH patients and healthy controls. | [75] |
| Cardiovascular disease | SOD | 50 | Patients with ST elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST elevated myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) had considerably lower levels of SOD and catalase, which may indicate that they are experiencing elevated oxidative stress. | [76] |
| Coronary artery disease | SOD2 | 150 | One marker gene for CAD susceptibility is the SOD2 locus. | [77] |
| Aging | SOD3 | 1100 | EC-SOD has positive effects on diabetes mellitus in the elderly and works in tandem with adiponectin. | [78] |
| Aging | Plasma SOD | 78 | Smoking and low superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels are risk factors for early aging in women between the ages of 20 and 35. | [79] |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | Cu,Zn-SOD | 28 | The study documented a negative correlation between CRP levels and Cu,Zn-SOD activities. | [80] |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | SOD | 54 | Serum albumin levels and SOD concentrations in the peripheral antioxidant status were better after multigrain supplementation than in the control group. | [81] |
| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) | SOD | 24 | The cerebrospinal fluid SOD and NO level might serve as useful biomarkers for functional disorder and progression of the disease. | [82] |
| Huntington’s disease | SOD | 375 | Triglycerides, high-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins, cholesterol, and blood SOD did not significantly differ between patients and controls. | [83] |
| Parkinson’s disease | Erythrocyte SOD | 29 | There may be distinct clinical subgroups of Parkinson’s disease (PD) that can be distinguished by a biological marker, as suggested by the variation in SOD activity in clinically diverse subgroups. | [84] |
| Alzheimer’s disease | Cu,Zn-SOD | 44 | Compared to the controls, the patients’ red blood cells had substantially less SOD activity. | [85] |