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. 2025 Aug 4;47(8):617. doi: 10.3390/cimb47080617
ATCC American Type Culture Collection
AQP3 Aquaporin-3
C3 Complement C3
cDNA Complementary DNA
COL1A1 collagen type I alpha 1
COX-2 cyclooxygenase-2
CXCL8 Interleukin-8
DEGs differentially expressed genes
DMEM Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium
DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
FBS fetal bovine serum
GABA gamma-aminobutyric acid
GDF15 Growth Differentiation Factor 15
GSEA gene set enrichment analysis
HaCaT human adult low calcium temperature keratinocytes
HMOX1 Heme Oxygenase 1
HAS3 hyaluronan synthase-3
Hs68 human foreskin fibroblasts
IFITM1 Interferon-Induced Transmembrane Protein 1
IL6 Interleukin 6
iNOS inducible NO synthase
KF Kochiae Fructus
LC-QTOF-MS Liquid Chromatography—Quadrupole Time-of-Flight—Mass Spectrometry
LPS lipopolysaccharide
NC untreated control
NO nitric oxide
MMP-1 matrix metalloproteinase-1
MMP-13 matrix metalloproteinase-13
MTT 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide
PABA 4-aminobenzoic acid
PGE2 prostaglandin E2
poly I:C polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid
qPCR quantitative real-time PCR
RA retinoic acid
TGF-β transforming growth factor-beta
TLR3 toll-like receptor 3
TNF- α tumor necrosis factor-α
UV ultraviolet
UVB ultraviolet B
VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor
WPBS whole-plant Bassia scoparia