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. 2025 Aug 19;15(8):884. doi: 10.3390/brainsci15080884
4-HNE 4-Hydroxy-2-Nonenal (4-hidroxi-2-nonenal)
ACSS3 Acyl-CoA Synthetase Short-Chain Family Member 3
ACSL3 Acyl-CoA Synthetase Long-Chain Family Member 3
AKR1C1 Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member C1
AKT Protein Kinase B
ALDH Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (Aldehído Deshidrogenasa)
ALDH1L2 Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family Member L2
APC Adenomatous Polyposis Coli
ARE Antioxidant Response Element (Elemento de Respuesta Antioxidante)
CAMKII Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II
CAT Catalase (Catalasa)
CD44 Cluster of Differentiation 44
CD44v CD44 Variant Isoform
CD44-ICD CD44 Intracellular Domain (Dominio intracelular de CD44)
CK-1 Casein Kinase 1
CNS Central Nervous System (Sistema Nervioso Central)
CO2 Carbon Dioxide (Dióxido de Carbono)
CypD Cyclophilin D
DVL Dishevelled Protein
EGFR Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (Receptor del Factor de Crecimiento Epidérmico)
EGFRvIII Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Variant III
ELOVL2 Elongation of Very Long Chain Fatty Acids Protein 2
ERM Ezrin./Radixin/Moesin Proteins
ETC Electron Transport Chain (Cadena de Transporte de Electrones)
FOXO Forkhead Box O Transcription Factors
FZD Frizzled Receptor
GAPDH Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase
GBM Glioblastoma
GCL γ-Glutamylcysteinyl Ligase
GPX Glutathione Peroxidase (Glutatión Peroxidasa)
GR Glutathione Reductase
GSC Glial Stem-like Cell (Célula Glial con características de Célula Madre)
GSH Reduced Glutathione (Glutatión reducido)
GSK-3β Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Beta
GSSG Oxidized Glutathione (Glutatión oxidado)
HIF1α Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 Alpha
HO-1 Heme Oxygenase 1
IDH Isocitrate Dehydrogenase
IP3 Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate
JNK c-Jun N-terminal Kinase
Keap1 Kelch-like ECH-associated Protein 1
LATS1/2 Large Tumor Suppressor Kinases 1 and 2
LRP5/6 Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein 5/6
MAPK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase
mPTP Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore
mTOR Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin (Objetivo mecanístico de la rapamicina)
MST1/2 Mammalian Sterile 20-like Kinases 1 and 2
NADPH Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate
NF2 Neurofibromin 2 (Merlin)
NF-κB Nuclear Factor Kappa B
NFAT Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells
NFE2L2 Nuclear Factor, Erythroid 2-Like 2 (gene encoding Nrf2)
NQO1 Quinone Oxidoreductase 1
NR4A2 Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4 Group A Member 2
NRX Nucleoredoxin
Nrf2 Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-related Factor 2
Nox1 NADPH Oxidase 1
OS Oxidative Stress (Estrés Oxidativo)
OXPHOS Oxidative Phosphorylation
PIP2 Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Bisphosphate
PIP3 Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-Trisphosphate
PI3K Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase
PKC Protein Kinase C
PLC Phospholipase C
PMT Phenotypic Mesenchymal Transition (Transición Fenotípica Mesenquimal)
PTEN Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog
RAS Rat Sarcoma Virus Oncogene (Oncogén Ras)
RAC3 Receptor-Associated Coactivator 3 /
SRC-3 Steroid Receptor Coactivator-3
RHEB Ras Homolog Enriched in Brain
RIOK1 Right Open Reading Frame Kinase 1
RIOK2 Right Open Reading Frame Kinase 2
ROS Reactive Oxygen Species (Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno)
RTK Receptor Tyrosine Kinase
RXRα Retinoid X Receptor Alpha
SDH Succinate Dehydrogenase
sMaf Small Maf Proteins
SIRT3 Sirtuin 3
SOD Superoxide Dismutase
SQLE Squalene Monooxygenase
STAT3 Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3
TCF/LEF T-Cell Factor/Lymphoid Enhancer-Binding Factor
TAK1 Transforming Growth Factor Beta-Activated Kinase 1
THF Tetrahydrofolate (Tetrahidrofolato)
TMZ Temozolomide
TME Tumor Microenvironment
TSC2 Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 2
TRAP1 Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Associated Protein 1
Trx Thioredoxin
VEGF Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
WHO World Health Organization (Organización Mundial de la Salud)
Wnt/β Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway
YAP Yes-Associated Protein