AGE-RAGE	advanced glycation end products
ALP	alkaline phosphatase
BP	biological processes
ERK1	extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1
G-Rb3	Ginsenoside Rb3
H&E staining	hematoxylin and eosin staining
IL-6	interleukin-6
LPS	lipopolysaccharide
MA	methacrylic anhydride
MAPK	mitogen-activated protein kinase
Masson staining	Masson’s trichrome staining
Micro-CT	micro computed tomography
MMP2	matrix metalloproteinase 2
PBS	phosphate-buffered saline
PDLSCs	periodontal ligament stem cells
PI3K-Akt	phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-protein kinase B
PPI	protein–protein interaction
PTGS2	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2
qPCR	quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction
SD	Sprague-Dawley
SEM	scanning electron microscopy
SPF	specific pathogen free
TGFβ	transforming growth factor β