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. 2025 Aug 19;15(16):2079. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics15162079
Abbreviation Definition
ACE Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme
AF Atrial Fibrillation
ANOVA Analysis of Variance
ARB Angiotensin Receptor Blocker
CBC Complete Blood Count
CI Confidence Interval
CKD Chronic Kidney Disease
ECG Electrocardiography
ESC European Society of Cardiology
FDA U.S. Food and Drug Administration
HF Heart Failure
HFrEF Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction
HFmrEF Heart Failure with Mid-Range Ejection Fraction
HFpEF Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
HR Hazard Ratio
ICD Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator
IV Intravenous
LVEF Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction
NYHA New York Heart Association
NT-proBNP N-terminal pro–B-type Natriuretic Peptide
OR Odds Ratio
RAAS Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System
RCT Randomized Controlled Trial
SD Standard Deviation
SGLT2 Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2
WHO World Health Organization