| 2D | two-dimensional |
| 3D | three-dimensional |
| ALP | alkaline phosphatase |
| APS | ammonium persulfate |
| BAAm | N,N-methylene(bis)acrylamide |
| BMD | bone mineral density |
| CAII | carbonic anhydrase II |
| CTX | collagen type I C-telopeptide |
| FCS | fetal calf serum |
| HSP | human serum pool |
| M-CSF | macrophage colony-stimulating factor |
| MSC | mesenchymal stem cells |
| NTX | N-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen |
| OPG | osteoprotegerin |
| pHEMA | poly-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate |
| PICP | carboxy-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen |
| PRP | platelet-rich plasma |
| qRT-PCR | quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase-chain reaction |
| RANKL | receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand |
| TEMED | N,N,N,N-tetramethyl-ethylenediamine |
| TRAP5b | tartrate-resistant acidic phosphatase 5b |