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. 2025 Aug 15;26(16):7887. doi: 10.3390/ijms26167887
BZs Blue Zones
LBZs Longevity Blue Zones
SCFAs Short-chain fatty acids (e.g., butyrate, acetate, propionate)
QoL Quality of Life
HRV Heart-Rate Variability
HPA Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal axis
PGC-1α Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha
NAD+ Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (oxidized form)
AMPK AMP-activated protein kinase
HDAC Histone Deacetylase
CNS Central nervous system
ANS Autonomic nervous system
ENS Enteric nervous system
EEG Electroencephalogram
ECG Electrocardiogram
PFC Prefrontal cortex
ATP Adenosine Triphosphate
ROS Reactive oxygen species
HF-HRV High-frequency heart-rate variability
OFC Orbitofrontal Cortex
BDNF Brain-derived neurotrophic factor
SNS Sympathetic nervous system
PNS parasympathetic nervous system
TNTs tunneling nanotubes
DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid
BBB Blood–brain barrier
HA Histone acetylation
SNPs Single-nucleotide polymorphisms
FOXO3 Forkhead Box 03
SIRT1 Sirtuin 1
mtDNA Mitochondrial DNA
LTL Leukocyte telomere length
CRP C-reactive protein
TERT Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase
CEMI Conscious electromagnetic information field
EMFs Electromagnetic fields
TAFA4 Tumor necrosis factor (TNT) Alpha-induced Protein 8-Like2
VNS Vagus nerve stimulation
MBSR Mindfulness-based stress reduction
LPS lipopolysaccharides
mTOR Mechanistic target of Rapamycin