| Acronym | Full Term |
| RA | Rheumatoid Arthritis |
| FLSs | Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes |
| RA-FLS | Rheumatoid Arthritis Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes |
| PI3K | Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase |
| AKT | Protein Kinase B (AKT) |
| mTOR | Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin |
| TNF-α | Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha |
| IL-6 | Interleukin 6 |
| IL-8 | Interleukin 8 |
| MH7A | MH7A (Human RA Synoviocyte Cell Line) |
| PRISMA | Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses |
| SMD | Standardized Mean Difference |
| SD | Standard Deviation |
| qPCR | Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction |
| ELISA | Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay |
| Note: Full table in Supplementary Table S15. | |