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. 2025 Aug 28;3(1):47. doi: 10.1038/s44264-025-00090-0

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Fig. 5 — The 5-year moving average of the extent of the hypoxic zone in the GOA. Data prior to 2021 are observed values; estimates from 2021 onward are driven by climate data from GCMs. The shaded area indicates the standard deviation.