Table 5.
Model estimation results for best models from each data subset.
| Variables | Principal—RPLHMV | Minor—RPLHMV | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coeff | t-stat | Coeff | t-stat | |
| Environmental characteristics | ||||
| Weekend (1 if crash happened in weekend, 0 if no) [BC] | 0.446 | 2.48 | – | – |
| Dark with no streetlight (1 if yes, 0 if no) [KA] | 1.686 | 7.63 | 0.565 | 1.78 |
| Dark with streetlight (1 if yes, 0 if no) [BC] | − 0.600 | − 2.65 | − 0.715 | − 2.34 |
| St. dev. of dark with streetlight | 1.702 | 2.37 | – | – |
| Crash Characteristics | ||||
| Access control (1 if partial control, 0 if no) [KA] | 0.478 | 2.02 | – | – |
| Prior movement (1 if driver deviated from going straight, 0 if no) [KA] | − 0.504 | − 1.95 | − 0.568 | − 1.73 |
| Right angle crash (1 if yes, 0 if no) [O] | – | – | − 0.681 | − 1.66 |
| Single vehicle crash (1 if yes, 0 if no) [O] | − 1.191 | − 5.32 | − 2.126 | − 9.40 |
| Lane departure (1 if yes, 0 if no) [BC] | 1.097 | 6.78 | − 2.126 | − 9.40 |
| St. dev. of lane departure | – | – | 2.984 | 2.22 |
| Roadway Characteristics | ||||
| Mixed business and residential (1 if yes, 0 if no) [BC] | 0.651 | 2.36 | 0.551 | 2.27 |
| St. dev. of mixed business and residential | 1.668 | 2.64 | – | – |
| Residential (1 if yes, 0 if no) [BC] | 0.636 | 2.01 | – | – |
| Two lanes undivided (1 if yes, 0 if no) [KA] | − 0.324 | − 2.11 | – | – |
| No intersection (1 if crash occurred at segment, 0 if no) [O] | − 0.378 | − 1.73 | – | – |
| No traffic control device (1 if yes, 0 if no) [BC] | – | – | 0.996 | 2.37 |
| Pedestrian Condition and Characteristics | ||||
| Pedestrian impaired with alcohol (1 if yes, 0 if no) [O] | − 2.172 | − 2.53 | – | – |
| Pedestrian aged 15 to 24 years old (1 if yes, 0 if no) [KA] | − 0.530 | − 2.07 | − 1.517 | − 4.57 |
| Inattentive or distracted pedestrian (1 if yes, 0 if no) [BC] | 0.725 | 3.85 | – | – |
| Pedestrian with Black race (1 if yes, 0 if no) [O] | − 0.641 | − 2.86 | − 0.438 | − 1.79 |
| Pedestrian with Caucasian race (1 if yes, 0 if no) [O] | − 0.474 | − 1.99 | – | – |
| Pedestrian Actions | ||||
| Pedestrian crossing a midblock (1 if yes, 0 if no) [BC] | − 0.461 | − 2.70 | – | – |
| Driver’s Condition and Characteristics | ||||
| Driver impaired with alcohol or drug (1 if yes, 0 if no) [KA] | 2.558 | 5.20 | – | – |
| Driver aged over 64 years old (1 if yes, 0 if no) [KA] | − 0.594 | − 1.91 | 0.791 | 1.81 |
| Inattentive or distracted driver (1 if yes, 0 if no) [BC] | 0.635 | 2.97 | 0.738 | 2.39 |
| Driver with Black race (1 if yes, 0 if no) [KA] | 0.316 | 2.06 | – | – |
| Passenger present (1 if yes, 0 if no) [O] | 0.574 | 1.92 | – | – |
| Vehicle Type | ||||
| Passenger car (1 if yes, 0 if no) [KA] | − 0.414 | − 2.61 | – | – |
| Heterogeneity in mean, Parameter:Variable | ||||
| Effect of rain on the mean of random parameter mixed business and residential area | − 1.224 | − 2.05 | – | – |
| Effect of pedestrian aged 15 to 24 years on the mean of random parameter mixed business and residential area | 1.529 | 2.27 | – | – |
| Effect of rain on the mean of random parameter dark with streetlight | 0.956 | 1.73 | – | – |
| Effect of pedestrian impaired with alcohol on the mean of random parameter dark with streetlight | − 1.084 | − 2.37 | – | – |
| Effect of dark with no streetlight on variance of lane departure | – | – | 0.811 | 2.92 |
| Effect of single vehicle crash on variance ofLane departure | – | – | 0.376 | 2.33 |
| Effect of driver aged 15 to 24 years old on variance of lane departure | – | – | 0.482 | 2.37 |
| Heteroscedasticity in random parameters | ||||
| Effect of posted speed limit 40–45 mph on the variance of Location type mixed business and residential area | 0.797 | 2.32 | – | – |
| Effect of driver impaired with alcohol or drug on the mean of random parameter lane departure | – | – | − 4.187 | − 2.43 |
| Effect of pedestrian aged 25–40 years old on the mean of random parameter lane departure | – | – | 1.304 | 2.53 |
| Effect of pedestrian impaired with alcohol on the mean of random parameter lane departure | − | − | − 1.638 | − 1.81 |
| Statistics | ||||
| Number of observations | 1722 | 1614 | ||
| K | 30 | 19 | ||
| Log likelihood at convergence | − 1176.952 | − 1032.652 | ||
| Restricted log likelihood | − 1891.810 | − 1773.160 | ||
| McFadden Pseudo R-squared | 0.3779 | 0.4176 | ||
| AIC | 2413.9 | 2103.3 | ||
| AIC/N | 1.402 | 1.303 | ||