Table.
Alcohol-attributable burden of disease in 2019, by cause
|
Alcohol-attributable burden* |
Age-adjusted alcohol-attributable burden per 100 000 people* |
Population-attributable fraction (%)* |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Deaths (1000s) | DALYs lost (100 000s) | Deaths | DALYs lost | Deaths | DALYs lost | |
| All causes | 2624·4 (2288·1 to 3072·8) | 1158·9 (1023·8 to 1346·3) | 32·3 (28·2 to 37·8) | 1474·8 (1304·1 to 1715·6) | 4·7 (4·1 to 5·6) | 4·6 (4·1 to 5·3) |
| Communicable, maternal, perinatal, and nutritional conditions | 284·1 (130·4 to 447·5) | 118·3 (50·5 to 195·3) | 3·5 (1·6 to 5·6) | 152·6 (64·5 to 252·7) | 2·8 (1·3 to 4·4) | 1·7 (0·7 to 2·9) |
| Tuberculosis | 190·0 (50·0 to 351·9) | 92·0 (25·2 to 169·0) | 2·4 (0·6 to 4·5) | 119·6 (32·9 to 219·8) | 15·8 (4·2 to 29·2) | 14·0 (3·8 to 25·7) |
| Sexually transmitted diseases excluding HIV | 0·1 (0·0 to 0·1) | 0·2 (0·1 to 0·3) | 0·0 (0·0 to 0·0) | 0·3 (0·2 to 0·4) | 0·1 (0·1 to 0·2) | 0·4 (0·3 to 0·6) |
| HIV/AIDS | 15·4 (10·2 to 21·0) | 8·4 (5·6 to 11·4) | 0·2 (0·1 to 0·3) | 10·9 (7·3 to 14·9) | 2·3 (1·5 to 3·2) | 2·1 (1·4 to 2·9) |
| Lower respiratory infections | 78·5 (32·2 to 125·8) | 17·7 (7·9 to 27·5) | 0·9 (0·4 to 1·5) | 21·7 (9·7 to 33·7) | 3·0 (1·2 to 4·9) | 1·7 (0·8 to 2·6) |
| Non-communicable diseases | 1616·8 (1371·3 to 1905·2) | 604·7 (549·4 to 659·9) | 19·6 (16·7 to 22·9) | 757·9 (690·3 to 825·4) | 4·0 (3·4 to 4·7) | 3·8 (3·5 to 4·2) |
| All malignant neoplasms | 400·9 (350·2 to 449·3) | 106·6 (92·8 to 119·3) | 4·8 (4·2 to 5·4) | 130·0 (113·1 to 145·6) | 4·3 (3·8 to 4·8) | 4·4 (3·8 to 4·9) |
| Lip and oral cavity malignant neoplasms | 52·8 (42·8 to 61·9) | 15·5 (12·4 to 18·2) | 0·6 (0·5 to 0·7) | 19·0 (15·2 to 22·4) | 27·5 (22·3 to 32·3) | 27·5 (22·1 to 32·4) |
| Other pharynx malignant neoplasms | 42·4 (33·6 to 49·6) | 12·4 (9·7 to 14·5) | 0·5 (0·4 to 0·6) | 15·2 (11·9 to 17·8) | 34·8 (27·6 to 40·8) | 35·3 (27·7 to 41·3) |
| Oesophageal cancer | 83·0 (64·3 to 100·2) | 21·3 (16·6 to 25·6) | 1·0 (0·8 to 1·2) | 25·8 (20·1 to 31·0) | 17·9 (13·9 to 21·7) | 18·6 (14·5 to 22·3) |
| Colon and rectum cancers | 105·9 (87·7 to 126·2) | 25·0 (20·6 to 30·1) | 1·3 (1·0 to 1·5) | 30·3 (25·0 to 36·4) | 11·6 (9·6 to 13·8) | 11·6 (9·5 to 13·9) |
| Liver cancer | 64·2 (43·3 to 93·4) | 16·4 (10·9 to 23·9) | 0·8 (0·5 to 1·1) | 20·1 (13·4 to 29·2) | 11·1 (7·5 to 16·2) | 10·5 (7·0 to 15·2) |
| Breast cancer | 27·6 (20·5 to 35·5) | 8·8 (6·5 to 11·3) | 0·3 (0·2 to 0·4) | 10·9 (8·1 to 14·0) | 4·3 (3·2 to 5·6) | 4·5 (3·3 to 5·7) |
| Cervix uteri cancer | 1·4 (0·8 to 2·4) | 0·5 (0·3 to 0·9) | 0·0 (0·0 to 0·0) | 0·7 (0·4 to 1·2) | 0·5 (0·3 to 0·8) | 0·5 (0·3 to 0·9) |
| Larynx cancer | 23·7 (17·9 to 29·6) | 6·6 (4·9 to 8·2) | 0·3 (0·2 to 0·4) | 8·0 (6·0 to 9·9) | 21·0 (15·9 to 26·3) | 21·5 (16·0 to 26·7) |
| Diabetes | −5·2 (−23·2 to 16·3) | −4·4 (−13·9 to 6·9) | −0·1 (−0·3 to 0·2) | −5·3 (−16·9 to 8·5) | −0·3 (−1·6 to 1·1) | −0·6 (−2·0 to 1·0) |
| Alcohol use disorders | 156·5 (156·5 to 156·5) | 193·1 (193·1 to 193·1) | 2·0 (2·0 to 2·0) | 248·6 (248·6 to 248·6) | 100·0 (100·0 to 100·0) | 100·0 (100·0 to 100·0) |
| Epilepsy | 13·2 (10·1 to 16·2) | 11·9 (9·2 to 14·5) | 0·2 (0·1 to 0·2) | 15·4 (11·9 to 18·8) | 11·4 (8·7 to 14·0) | 9·1 (7·1 to 11·1) |
| All cardiovascular diseases | 473·6 (252·9 to 743·4) | 103·0 (61·7 to 149·0) | 5·6 (3·0 to 8·6) | 125·1 (75·4 to 179·2) | 2·7 (1·4 to 4·2) | 2·7 (1·6 to 3·8) |
| Hypertensive heart disease | 57·1 (41·0 to 71·9) | 11·9 (8·7 to 14·8) | 0·7 (0·5 to 0·8) | 14·3 (10·4 to 17·8) | 5·0 (3·6 to 6·3) | 5·4 (3·9 to 6·8) |
| Ischaemic heart disease | 208·3 (−6·4 to 422·2) | 31·7 (−3·8 to 66·1) | 2·4 (−0·1 to 4·8) | 37·1 (−4·9 to 77·6) | 2·3 (−0·1 to 4·8) | 1·8 (−0·2 to 3·7) |
| Ischaemic stroke | −65·5 (−144·6 to 40·8) | −14·7 (−27·2 to 3·0) | −0·7 (−1·6 to 0·5) | −17·5 (−31·9 to 2·9) | −2·1 (−4·7 to 1·3) | −2·4 (−4·5 to 0·5) |
| Haemorrhagic stroke | 244·7 (172·9 to 330·4) | 64·6 (46·1 to 86·3) | 2·9 (2·1 to 3·9) | 79·1 (56·5 to 105·5) | 7·8 (5·5 to 10·6) | 8·2 (5·9 to 11·0) |
| Alcoholic cardiomyopathy | 29·0 (29·0 to 29·0) | 9·6 (9·6 to 9·6) | 0·4 (0·4 to 0·4) | 12·0 (12·0 to 12·0) | 100·0 (100·0 to 100·0) | 100·0 (100·0 to 100·0) |
| All digestive diseases | 578·0 (490·8 to 660·3) | 194·4 (165·1 to 219·6) | 7·1 (6·0 to 8·1) | 244·1 (207·2 to 275·6) | 23·6 (20·0 to 26·9) | 22·2 (18·9 to 25·1) |
| Cirrhosis of the liver† | 550·3 (465·7 to 632·6) | 184·6 (155·9 to 210·3) | 6·8 (5·7 to 7·8) | 231·7 (195·6 to 263·9) | 41·9 (35·5 to 48·2) | 43·2 (36·5 to 49·2) |
| Pancreatitis | 27·7 (20·2 to 36·3) | 9·8 (7·1 to 12·8) | 0·3 (0·2 to 0·4) | 12·4 (9·0 to 16·2) | 25·5 (18·6 to 33·4) | 27·9 (20·3 to 36·4) |
| Injuries | 723·5 (563·0 to 948·6) | 435·9 (342·8 to 571·6) | 9·2 (7·2 to 12·1) | 564·3 (444·2 to 739·5) | 16·4 (12·8 to 21·6) | 16·8 (13·2 to 22·0) |
| Unintentional injuries | 520·7 (401·6 to 709·7) | 330·8 (257·1 to 443·6) | 6·6 (5·1 to 9·0) | 426·6 (331·2 to 572·0) | 16·5 (12·7 to 22·5) | 17·3 (13·4 to 23·2) |
| Road injury | 297·5 (198·1 to 454·0) | 187·5 (125·1 to 284·6) | 3·8 (2·5 to 5·8) | 244·0 (162·6 to 370·4) | 23·3 (15·5 to 35·5) | 23·8 (15·9 to 36·1) |
| Poisonings | 10·8 (7·9 to 14·6) | 5·1 (3·7 to 6·9) | 0·1 (0·1 to 0·2) | 6·6 (4·8 to 8·9) | 12·8 (9·4 to 17·3) | 10·8 (7·8 to 14·4) |
| Falls | 75·1 (49·1 to 110·0) | 55·3 (38·2 to 76·1) | 0·9 (0·6 to 1·3) | 69·4 (47·9 to 95·4) | 11·0 (7·2 to 16·1) | 14·5 (10·0 to 19·9) |
| Fire, heat, and hot substances | 12·4 (9·4 to 16·2) | 8·9 (6·4 to 11·9) | 0·2 (0·1 to 0·2) | 11·4 (8·3 to 15·3) | 10·9 (8·2 to 14·3) | 10·9 (7·9 to 14·6) |
| Drowning | 27·2 (18·0 to 38·1) | 12·3 (8·1 to 17·3) | 0·3 (0·2 to 0·5) | 16·1 (10·6 to 22·6) | 11·6 (7·6 to 16·2) | 9·2 (6·1 to 12·9) |
| Exposure to mechanical forces | 15·8 (9·9 to 22·8) | 19·2 (12·8 to 26·5) | 0·2 (0·1 to 0·3) | 24·6 (16·4 to 33·9) | 13·0 (8·2 to 18·8) | 16·0 (10·7 to 22·1) |
| Other unintentional injuries | 82·0 (55·1 to 113·2) | 42·5 (28·6 to 58·1) | 1·0 (0·7 to 1·4) | 54·5 (36·7 to 74·6) | 13·0 (8·7 to 18·0) | 12·1 (8·2 to 16·6) |
| Intentional injuries | 202·8 (93·9 to 310·9) | 105·1 (47·7 to 161·2) | 2·6 (1·2 to 4·0) | 137·8 (62·3 to 211·5) | 16·3 (7·5 to 24·9) | 15·3 (6·9 to 23·4) |
| Self-harm | 123·2 (62·7 to 184·1) | 56·8 (28·8 to 84·2) | 1·6 (0·8 to 2·4) | 74·0 (37·5 to 109·6) | 17·5 (8·9 to 26·2) | 17·8 (9·1 to 26·5) |
| Interpersonal violence | 79·6 (32·4 to 126·9) | 48·3 (19·8 to 76·9) | 1·0 (0·4 to 1·7) | 63·8 (26·0 to 101·7) | 16·8 (6·8 to 26·8) | 16·0 (6·5 to 25·5) |
Data are median (95% uncertainty interval). DALY=disability-adjusted life-year.
*
Negative values represent deaths and DALYs avoided due to alcohol consumption (ie, negative numbers indicate there would be an increase in the number of deaths or DALYs lost under the counterfactual scenario of everyone being a lifetime abstainer).
†
Includes ICD-10 codes K70 (alcoholic liver disease) and K74 (fibrosis and cirrhosis of the liver).