Table 4.

Clinical Manifestation of Vitamin B12 Deficiency

Hematological Symptoms

Macrocytic anemia

Thrombocytopenia

Leukopenia

Pancytopenia

Hepatosplenomegaly

Hemolysis

Pseudo-thrombotic microangiopathy

Neurological Symptoms

Myelopathy

Peripheral neuropathy

Paresthesia

Optic nerve atrophy

Subacute combined degeneration (SCD)

Psychiatric Symptoms

Apathy

Anorexia

Memory changes

Confusion

Delirium

Hallucinations

Depression

Acute paranoid states

Catatonia

Mucocutaneous / Non-Specific Symptoms

Atrophic glossitis

Oral ulcers

Xerostomia

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis

Angular cheilitis

Dermatological Symptoms

Hyperpigmentation

Brittle hair

Dull hair texture