Table 2. Objective image quality assessment in CCTA reconstructed with different algorithms.
| Parameter | HIR | MBIR | C-DLR | SR-DLR | P value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | HIR vs. SR-DLR | MBIR vs. SR-DLR | C-DLR vs. SR-DLR | |||||
| CT attenuation (n=50) | ||||||||
| Ao | 419.46±58.92 | 483.34±87.14 | 454.04±71.49 | 458.54±72.10 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| LM | 409.50±72.91 | 447.31±87.08 | 421.90±70.36 | 430.24±69.67 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.001 | <0.001 |
| LAD | 391.63±72.60 | 405.89±65.19 | 385.35±74.53 | 397.86±73.73 | <0.001 | >0.99 | 0.82 | <0.001 |
| LCX | 384.41±72.31 | 407.86±81.33 | 378.79±69.16 | 402.17±67.56 | 0.002 | 0.13 | >0.99 | <0.001 |
| RCA | 391.03±92.20 | 428.35±93.97 | 407.48±88.41 | 414.65±89.03 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.001 |
| Noise (n=50) | ||||||||
| Ao | 27.21±4.48 | 26.24±3.80 | 19.87± 1.96 | 15.40±2.19 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| LM | 24.45±9.49 | 22.48±9.12 | 18.80±7.49 | 15.23±6.17 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| LAD | 21.93± 8.76 | 22.55±9.67 | 19.21±7.64 | 16.06±7.01 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| LCX | 19.88± 9.67 | 20.14±10.88 | 16.42±8.13 | 13.76±6.20 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.03 |
| RCA | 23.02± 8.96 | 20.85±9.09 | 18.81±7.09 | 15.03±5.99 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| SNR (n=50) | ||||||||
| Ao | 15.86±3.61 | 18.64±3.52 | 23.04±4.19 | 30.41±6.82 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| LM | 19.77±10.38 | 22.96±10.47 | 26.80±14.50 | 36.29±29.41 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| LAD | 20.43±7.78 | 21.54±10.71 | 23.43±10.29 | 29.83±14.07 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.001 | <0.001 |
| LCX | 23.37±10.73 | 24.08±9.68 | 29.43±17.87 | 34.23±14.74 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.007 |
| RCA | 20.07±10.68 | 24.29±12.14 | 26.12±15.44 | 34.27±25.43 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| CNR (n=50) | ||||||||
| Ao | 21.95± 6.18 | 29.61±7.64 | 32.56±8.92 | 37.06±11.36 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| LM | 23.39±9.00 | 30.09±12.24 | 34.71±14.59 | 36.34±15.43 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.08 |
| LAD | 23.77±8.63 | 35.82±13.94 | 34.29±10.71 | 34.78±12.72 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >0.99 | >0.99 |
| LCX | 25.75±10.08 | 29.87±12.21 | 36.60±16.46 | 39.11±16.45 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.003 | 0.27 |
| RCA | 21.26±6.33 | 28.09±9.07 | 30.36±8.74 | 33.91±9.79 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Vessel (n=50) | ||||||||
| Edge sharpness (HU/mm) | 200.59±72.84 | 222.10±76.37 | 208.32±86.58 | 243.04±88.39 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| FWHM (mm) | 4.15±0.99 | 4.06±0.99 | 4.10±0.97 | 4.05±1.02 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >0.99 | <0.001 |
| Calcification (n=105) | ||||||||
| Edge sharpness (HU/mm) | 444.71±195.85 | 566.53±262.89 | 531.30±247.03 | 590.26±249.54 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| FWHM (mm) | 3.04±0.79 | 2.85±0.83 | 2.75±0.90 | 2.52±0.89 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Stent (n=17) | ||||||||
| Edge sharpness (HU/mm) | 204.18±135.90 | 223.82±163.92 | 309.66±257.65 | 528.85±295.46 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| FWHM stent (mm) | 0.98±0.16 | 0.96±0.18 | 0.96±0.19 | 0.90±0.17 | 0.22 | 0.36 | 0.15 | 0.39 |
| FWHM lumen (mm) | 1.26±0.21 | 1.32±0.27 | 1.36±0.23 | 1.59±0.32 | <0.001 | 0.006 | 0.006 | 0.01 |
Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation. Ao, aortic root; C-DLR, conventional deep learning reconstruction; CNR, contrast-to-noise ratio; CTCA, coronary computed tomography angiography; FWHM, full-width at half maximum; HIR, hybrid iterative reconstruction; HU, Hounsfield unit; LAD, left anterior descending artery; LCX, left circumflex artery; LM, left main trunk; MBIR, model-based iterative reconstruction; RCA, right coronary artery; SNR, signal-to-noise ratio; SR-DLR, super-resolution deep learning reconstruction.