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. 2025 Aug 18;17:1569924. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2025.1569924

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Copyright © 2025 Chen, Xie, Zhou and Liu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Panel A shows a world map with countries color-coded and labeled with numbers, possibly indicating data points or quantities. Panel B displays a network graph with country names and interconnected lines, illustrating relationships or interactions. Prominent countries like the USA, China, and Italy appear in larger nodes, indicating significant roles or connections. — Analysis of countries. (A) Geographic distribution of countries. (B) Collaboration between countries.