cPCR assays for quantifying rDNA copies of the major sequence types. (A) Target fragments amplified from groundwater DNA (obtained in 1999). Lane 1, 50- to 2,500-Da molecular size marker (FMC Corp.); lane 2, AC cPCR; lane 3, MM cPCR; lane 4, MH cPCR; lane 5, MS cPCR; lane 6, CDIV cPCR; and lane 7, CDII cPCR. (B) Ratios of specific rDNA copies to the total archaeal rDNA copies (determined by the AC system in Table 2) in DNA extracted from the cavity groundwater. The mean of three determinations is shown, and an error bar indicates the standard deviation. See footnote a to Table 2 for definitions of abbreviations.