Table 2.
Association between SRI and risk of depression and anxiety
| SRI | Cases/total | HR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1a | Model 2b | ||
| Depression | |||
| Irregular (Q1) | 434/15,934 | 1.00 (Ref.) | 1.00 (Ref.) |
| Moderate irregular (Q2–Q4) | 965/47,799 | 0.73 (0.65–0.82) | 0.80 (0.71–0.90) |
| Regular (Q5) | 247/15,933 | 0.55 (0.47–0.64) | 0.62 (0.52–0.73) |
| P for trend | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
| Per SD increment | 0.81 (0.78–0.85) | 0.86 (0.82–0.90) | |
| Anxiety | |||
| Irregular (Q1) | 504/15,934 | 1.00 (Ref.) | 1.00 (Ref.) |
| Moderate irregular (Q2–Q4) | 1,242/47,799 | 0.77 (0.69–0.85) | 0.82 (0.74–0.91) |
| Regular (Q5) | 351/15,933 | 0.62 (0.53–0.71) | 0.67 (0.58–0.77) |
| P for trend | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
| Per SD increment | 0.85 (0.82–0.89) | 0.88 (0.85–0.92) | |
Abbreviations: CI, ‘confidence interval’; HR, ‘hazard ratio’; Q, ‘quantile’; Ref, ‘reference’; SD, ‘standard deviation’; SRI, ‘sleep regularity’ index.
a
Model 1 was adjusted for age at recruitment, sex, body mass index, and ethnicity.
b
Model 2 was further adjusted for annual household income, education level, smoking status, Townsend deprivation index, alcohol consumption status, physical activity level, healthy diet score, employment shift, season of accelerometer wear, and sleep duration based on model 1.