Table 1. Includes all studies.
|
Study title |
Number of patients |
Type of bariatric surgery |
Type of cognitive disorder |
BMI before surgery |
BMI after surgery |
Weight reduction (%) |
Post-op complications |
|
Spitznagel et al. (5) |
37 |
LRYGB |
Cognitive impairment affecting adherence (attention, executive function, memory) |
45.59 |
Not provided |
11.24% |
Nausea (5), Infection (2), Stricture (1), Anemia (1) |
|
Cazzo et al. (6) |
2 (case report) |
Biliopancreatic diversion (1), RYGB (1) |
Severe cognitive impairment (Prader-Willi syndrome, Down syndrome) |
55 / 41.5 |
38.5/26.7 |
55%/90% EWL |
No significant complications |
|
Daigle et al. (7) |
6 |
RYGB (2), Sleeve (3), Adjustable Band (1) |
Nonacquired cognitive impairment (trisomy 21, unknown causes) |
49.4 |
41 |
31.1% EWL |
No significant complications, 1 readmission (fever) |
|
Heinberg and Schauer (8) |
1 (case study) |
RYGB |
Borderline intellectual disability |
47.9 |
31.2 (4.5 years) |
74% EWL (2 years) |
No complications, improved sleep apnea, hyperlipidemia |
|
Vermeer et al. (9) |
2525 (163 psychiatric group) |
Not specified (likely RYGB) |
17.9% had cognitive impairment (also mood disorders, PTSD, ADHD) |
Not provided |
Not provided |
Psychiatric group: 27.4% TWL (1 yr), 21.6% (4 yrs) |
Psychiatric group had lower weight loss |
|
Bianciardi et al. (10) |
78 |
Mostly sleeve gastrectomy (82%) |
Cognitive impairment (executive function, memory) & BED |
43.15 |
Not explicitly mentioned |
58.13% (1 year), 54.83% (4 years) |
Patients with BED had poorer weight loss |
|
Spitznagel et al. (11) |
55 |
Mostly RYGB (1 gastric band) |
Cognitive impairment affecting memory, executive function, and adherence |
45.11 |
31.69 |
69% lost >25% weight at 36 months |
Not explicitly detailed |
|
Alosco et al. (12) |
50 |
Mostly RYGB (1 gastric band) |
Cognitive impairment (attention, executive function, memory) |
46.61 |
32.35 |
Not explicitly mentioned |
Weight regains (24-36 months), decline in attention |
|
Manderino et al. (13) |
116 |
Bariatric surgery candidates (type not specified) |
Cognitive dysfunction (emotion recognition) |
46.29 |
Not provided |
Not provided |
Not applicable (pre-surgery study) |
|
Custers et al. (14) |
133 |
RYGB |
Obesity-related cognitive impairment |
Not provided |
Not provided |
Not explicitly mentioned |
42.9% cognitive improvement at 24 months, brain structure changes in temporal lobe |
|
Tucker et al. (15) |
6 bariatric patients, 10 normal-weight controls, 7 reference controls |
Sleeve gastrectomy |
Obesity-associated cognitive impairment |
41.9±3.9 |
Not explicitly mentioned |
Significant weight loss observed (exact % not stated) |
17% cognitive improvement at 2 weeks, 21% at 14 weeks; improved macrovascular function but no CVR change |
BMI: Body mass index, BED: Binge eating disorder: RYGB: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, CVR: Cerebral vascular reactivity, LRYGB: Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, PTSD: Post-traumatic stress disorder, ADHD: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, EWL: Excess weight loss.