Table 2. A summary of all cases of Malignant Melanoma, reported in literature with suspected or confirmed, vertical transmission.

Author and Year of publication	Age/type of cancer/primary site	Mode of delivery/ GA at birth	Child’s Sex/age at diagnosis	Presenting features for the baby	Site of metastasis in the baby	Route of transmission	How was vertical transmission confirmed?	Placental histopathology, if available. (villous invasion, if present)	Outcome in the baby	Outcome in the mother	Remarks
Weber et al. (24), Holland (25)	27/melanoma/ skin (left thigh)	CS (morbid maternal condition)/38 weeks	Male/8 months	Abdominal distension, cachexia, hepato-splenomegaly,	Subcutaneous nodules	Transplacental	Histopathology of placenta.	Placenta involved, Gross and Microscopic (villous invasion present)	Death at 10 months of age	Died at 3 months	None
Gottron and Gertler (26)	25/melanoma/ skin (back)	NM/Term	Male/5 months	NM	NM	Transplacental	Not confirmed	Microscopic examination not done (not known)	Death at 14 days of life	Died at 2 months	None
Aronsson (27); Cavell (28)	NM/melanoma/ not known	VD/ 32 weeks	Female/2.5 months	Tumor-like masses in her right thigh and right lower leg	Skin	Transplacental likely.	Melanin + ve pigments in the tumor of the infant and the presence of metastasizing malignant melanoma in the mother	Placental microscopic examination was not done (not known)	Alive and Healthy at 2 years	4 days, death due to sepsis	Spontaneous regression occurred
Trumble et al. (29)	NM/melanoma/skin	NM/ term	Male/7 months	2-week h/o bulging fontanel, diminished oral intake, and lethargy	Posterior fossa	Transplacental	Sex Chromosome FISH	NM	Died of recurrence at 18 months	Died, but duration not mentioned	Karyotype analysis was done to confirm maternal origin of cancer
Brodsky et al. (30)	28/melanoma/ skin (mid-interscapular region )	CS (failed induction)/37 weeks	Male/day 11 of life	pin point brown lesion on anterior chest wall, that progressed rapidly to involve skin of the left shoulder and posterior chest wall	Skin	Transplacental	HPE of placenta	Malignant cells found in the cord blood. (villous invasion present).	Died at 48 days of age, MODS	Sudden death at 17 days post-partum	None
Raso et al. (31)	NR/melanoma/not reported	NM/NM	Male/6 months	Tumor Swelling in temporal region	Middle ear, temporal bone	Transplacental	Quantitative PCR	NAD	Alive and Healthy at 12 years	Died few weeks after delivery	None
Valenzano Menada et al. (32)	28/melanoma/ skin (right gluteus ), f/b multiple bilateral breast masses and a growing right inguinal lymph node	CS (morbid maternal condition)/ 31 weeks	Male/3 months	Restlessness and peripheral defect of the left facial nerve	Left mastoid	Transplacental	Sex Chromosome FISH	Placenta normal grossly and microscopically (absent)	Alive and healthy at 2 years	Died at 2 weeks post-partum d/t liver failure.	Spontaneous regression
Pourtsidis et al. (33); Chrysouli et al. (34)	31/melanoma/ not mentioned	CS/33 weeks	Female/8 months	Swelling and erythema of the left cheek and the mastoid region, f/b a 4-day otorrhea and fever	Mastoid cavity	Transplacental	Real Time PCR and High resolution melt analysis	Placental microscopic examination was not done	Alive and healthy at 16 months	Died at 3 months post-partum.	None
De Carolis et al. (35)	31/melanoma/ left ovary with positive peritoneal fluid cytology associated with bilateral breast masses.	CS/27 weeks	Male/4 months	Epileptic seizure. A brain CT scan documented the presence of metastatic lesions	Brain	Transplacental?	Placenta was involved pathologically	Placenta involved, Gross and Microscopic (Villous invasion present)	Died at 5 months due to metastasis to brain	Died at 12 weeks post-partum	Autopsy of baby not performed. HPE of baby’s tumors not done. Baby has brain tumors, but not known, what they were ??
Canu and Dutriaux (36)	39/melanoma/ skin (left arm)	CS/IUFD	NR/intrauterine fetal death	Ultrasound at 32 weeks, suggested IUFD of one twin	Skin (about 20 subcutaneous nodules, six of which were pigmented)	Transplacental	Not confirmed	Not known	Intrauterine fetal death	Not mentioned	IUFD d/t feto-maternal haemorrhage, most likely secondary to a breach caused by a placental metastasis
Naidu et al. (37)	NR/melanom/skin (face)	CS (prev. LSCS)/ full term	Female/3 months	6-week h/o multiple bluish-black cutaneous lesions on scalp and buttocks	skin, brain (multiple), lung and liver	Transplacental	Both the mother and the infant’s melanoma tested positive for the B-Raf proto-oncogene (BRAF) mutation.	Placenta involved, Gross and Microscopic (villous invasion not mentioned)	Died at 2 years of age	Died at 8 months d/t widespread metastasis.	None
Dargeon et al. (38)	28/melanoma/ skin (right leg)	CS/8 months	Male/9 months	Left facial palsy	Left EAC, mastoid, left preauricular lymph node, liver, subpleural, right adrenal, left testicle	Transplacental?	Not confirmed	Microscopic examination not done (not known)	Died at 10.5 months.	Died at 4 days post-partum	Post-mortem brain examination not performed
Lo et al. (39)	33/melanoma/ not reported	NM/NM	Female/5 months	Skin lesion onforehead	Skin	Transplacental?	Not confirmed	NM	Died of disease at 28 months	Died 10 months after delivery	None
Ferreira et al. (40)	33/melanoma breslow 10.7 mm/left shoulder	CS/full-term	NM/ IUFD	Multiple skin lesions	Skin	Transplacental	Placenta was involved pathologically	Placenta involved, Gross and Microscopic (villous invasion present)	NM	Died after 2 days of delivery	None

CS: Caesarean section, CT: Computer tomography, d/t: Due to, EAC: External auditory canal, FISH: Fluorescent in-situ hybridisation, f/b: Followed by, h/o: History of, HPE: Histopathological examination, IUFD: Intra-uterine fetal death, LSCS: Lower segment caesarean section, NAD: No abnormality detected, NM: Not mentioned, PCR: Polymerase chain reaction, VD: Vaginal delivery