Table 5.
Within-person association between moments of negative mood or perceived stress and deceleration capacity of heart rate averaged in the hour prior the corresponding EMA prompt.
| Overall | Women | Men | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Percent difference (95% CI) in ln DC per 20-unit increase in momentary negative mood score | |||
| Unadjusted | −1.8 (−3.0, −0.5) | −2.2 (−3.9, −0.4) | −1.3 (−3.1, 0.5) |
| Adjusted for sociodemographic factors* | −1.4 (−2.5, −0.4) | −1.8 (−3.3, −0.3) | −1.2 (−2.7, 0.4) |
| Adjusted for the above plus CAD risk factors† | −1.3 (−2.2, −0.3) | −1.6 (−2.9, −0.3) | −1.0 (−2.4, 0.5) |
| Adjusted for the above plus psychosocial scales‡ and antidepressant medication use | −1.2 (−2.1, −0.2) | −1.6 (−2.9, −0.3) | −0.7 (−2.1, 0.7) |
| Adjusted for the above plus CAD severity¶ | −1.4 (−2.5, −0.3) | −1.9 (−3.4, −0.3) | −0.9 (−2.6, 0.7) |
| Adjusted for the above plus cardiovascular medications ⊠ | −1.5 (−2.7, −0.4) | −2.2 (−3.8, −0.6) | −0.9 (−2.3, 0.8) |
| Percent difference (95% CI) in ln DC comparing moments with stress to moments with no stress | |||
| Unadjusted | −2.5 (−4.5, −0.6) | −2.0 (−5.1, 1.0) | −2.9 (−5.5, −0.3) |
| Adjusted for sociodemographic factors* | −2.2 (−3.9, −0.5) | −1.8 (−4.4, 0.9) | −2.6 (−5.0, −0.3) |
| Adjusted for the above plus CAD risk factors† | −2.0 (−3.5, −0.4) | −1.7 (−4.1, 0.7) | −2.4 (−4.5, −0.2) |
| Adjusted for the above plus psychosocial scales‡ and antidepressant medication use | −1.9 (−3.4, −0.4) | −1.8 (−4.1, 0.5) | −2.1 (−4.1, 0.01) |
| Adjusted for the above plus CAD severity¶ | −2.2 (−4.0, −0.5) | −2.1 (−4.8, 0.5) | −2.5 (−4.9, −0.1) |
| Adjusted for the above plus cardiovascular medications⊠ | −2.3 (−4.1, −0.6) | −2.3 (−4.9, 0.4) | −2.5 (−4.9, −0.1) |
CI: confidence interval; DC: deceleration capacity; CAD: coronary artery disease.
*
Age, sex (in overall models), race (black versus non-black), married, education > 12 years.
†
Ever smoking, BMI, history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus.
‡
Beck Depression Inventory score, and PTSD Symptom Checklist score at the clinic visit.
¶
Left ventricular ejection fraction, Gensini CAD severity score, ST-segment elevation MI.
⊠
Beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, and statins.