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. 2025 Aug 21;12:1632999. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1632999

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Copyright © 2025 Ostaiza-Cardenas, Tobar, Costa, Calero, López-Carrera, Bermúdez and Orellana-Manzano.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Diagram illustrating the biological impact of mindfulness on stress and inflammation. It shows a cycle where mindfulness influences FKBP5, reducing stress response (1), enhances BDNF for neuronal health (2), lowers IL-6 levels (3), reduces TNF-α expression (4), and results in significant DNA methylation changes (5). Mindfulness interventions positively affect stress and inflammation biomarkers. — Epigenetic modulation by mindfulness.