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. 2025 Aug 21;12:1632999. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1632999

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Copyright © 2025 Ostaiza-Cardenas, Tobar, Costa, Calero, López-Carrera, Bermúdez and Orellana-Manzano.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Comparison graphic of three diets: Mediterranean, DASH, and Low Calorie. Mediterranean Diet modulates gene expression, transcribes homeostatic genes, inhibits HE-2/neu expression, and increases cellular proliferation. DASH Diet affects genes related to inflammation and heart function, improves metabolic risk factors, and enhances epigenetic function. Low Calorie Diet accelerates telomere attrition, methylates HLA-DRB5 gene, and modulates longevity pathways involving mitochondrial activity, inflammation, and oxidative stress. — Influence of different types of diets and the epigenetic modulations.