Table 4.

Spiking performance across Set phases with additional tactical indicators.

Set phase	Avg total spikes	Avg kills	Avg errors	Avg kill rate	Avg error rate	Avg net efficiency	Net efficiency SD	Success/Error ratio	% high efficiency sets
Early	65.83	25.63	7.63	0.397	0.116	0.281	0.090	4.10	50.0%
Middle	66.67	28.33	7.47	0.433	0.114	0.318	0.084	4.41	66.7%
Endgame	35.19	12.13	5.00	0.346	0.151	0.195	0.122	3.23	18.8%

“High Efficiency Sets” are defined as sets with a net efficiency above the overall mean. EI = (Kills−Errors)/Total Spike Attempts. Average Net Efficiency was calculated per set and then averaged across all sets within each match phase to reflect phase-specific trends.