Table 2. Summary of case reports.
| Author | Year | Age | Sex | Tumor size (cm) | Preoperative pathological methods | Preoperative diagnosis | Medical treatment | Positive IHC markers | Negative IHC markers | Follow-up period | Recurrence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shidam13) | 1998 | 77 | F | 3 | FNA (cell block) | SFT | Close follow-up | CD34, Bcl-2, Vimentin, SMA, Collagen IV, Factor XIIIa, HLA DR, CD68 | MSA, desmin, pancytokeratin, S-100, CD31, EMA | Not mentioned | Not mentioned |
| Lee10) | 2004 | 70 | M | 8.5 × 7 × 6 | Not performed | Gastric tumor | Wedge resection (open) | CD34, Vimentin | CD117, S-100, Desmin, Pancytokeratin, SMA, CD99 | Not mentioned | Not mentioned |
| Park12) | 2007 | 26 | M | 5.4 × 5.2 × 4 | Biopsy | Barium granuloma | Wedge resection | CD34, S-100 | CD117, Desmin, SMA | 12 months | No |
| Nabeshima11) | 2015 | 43 | F | 2.7 × 2 × 1.5 | Biopsy | Sarcoma | Wedge resection (LECS) | CD34, Bcl-2, MIC-2 | CD117, DOG-1, SMA, ALK-1, ALK-EML4 | 8 months | No |
| Bosković6) | 2015 | 65 | F | 2.5 × 2.3 × 1 | Not mentioned | GIST | Surgical resection | CD34, Vimentin | CD117, DOG-1, S-100, Desmin, SMA, PDGFRA | Not mentioned | Not mentioned |
| Xiang15) | 2016 | 56 | M | 4.5 × 3 | Not mentioned | Not mentioned | Wedge resection (LECS) | CD34, Bcl-2, CD99, Vimentin | CD117, DOG-1, S-100, Desmin, ALK | 3 months | No |
| Inayat8) | 2017 | 55 | M | 7.1 × 6.7 | EMR | Submucosal tumor | EMR | CD34, Bcl-2 | CD117, DOG-1, S-100, Desmin, ALK | 6 months | No |
| Voth14) | 2018 | 68 | M | 16 × 9 | Initial: FNA (cytology) Second: Biopsy | Initial: GIST Second: SFT | Partial gastorectomy | STAT6, CD34 | CD117, DOG-1 | 4 months | Yes (Liver metastasis) |
| Kimmel9) | 2019 | 81 | F | 7.5 | Biopsy (No tumor tissue) | Gastric tumor | Sleeve gastorectomy | STAT6, CD34, Bcl-2, Vimentin, PDGFRA | CD117, DOG-1, S-100, Desmin, SMA, Calponin, ERG, CAM5.2 | Not mentioned | Not mentioned |
| Ababneh4) | 2020 | 79 | F | 6.6 | FNA (cell block) | SFT | Not mentioned | STAT6, CD34, Bcl-2 | CD117, DOG-1, S-100, Desmin, CD31, ERG-ENDO, AE1/AE3, Synaptophysin | Not mentioned | Not mentioned |
| Aslam5) | 2025 | 85 | F | 1 | EMR | Submucosal tumor | EMR | STAT6, CD34 | CD117, DOG1, S100, Desmin, SMA, SOX10 | 18 months | No |
| Dong7) | 2025 | 67 | M | 3.1 × 1.7 | Not performed | GIST | Laparoscopic gastrectomy | STAT6, CD34, Bcl-2, CD99, Vimentin | CD117, DOG1, S100, CK, SMA, β-catenin | 18 months | No |
| Ao | 2025 | 74 | M | 2.6 × 2.4 | FNA (cytology) | GIST | Wedge resection (LECS) | STAT6, CD34 | CD117, DOG-1, S-100, SMA | 30 months | No |
EMR, endoscopic mucosal resection; F, female; FNA, fine needle aspiration; GIST, gastrointestinal stromal tumor; IHC, immunohistochemical; LECS, laparoscopy and endoscopy cooperative surgery; M, male; MSA, muscle specific actin; SFT, solitary fibrous tumor; SMA, smooth muscle actin; STAT6, signal transducer and activator of transcription 6