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. 2025 May 1;18(2):19–39. doi: 10.11621/pir.2025.0202

Table 2.

Subscales, factor loadings, psychometric index of internal consistency, correlations between factors and descriptive statistics of the consumer socio-cultural premises scale.

Items Subscales
F1 Affective Compensation F2 Gender Stereotype F3 Self–sacrifice F4 Saving & Budgeting F5 Family F6 Social F7 Hedonism
NP18. You should earn your children’s affection by buying things for them .914 .197 .015 –.051 .081 .072 .102
NP16. You should buy what your children want to prevent them from throwing tantrums .843 .252 .014 –.041 .073 .013 .159
NP17. You should constantly purchase to demonstrate items for your your love family for them .724 .233 .107 .000 .090 .135 .239
NP19. Family time should be compensated with gifts when there’s not enough to spend together .703 .242 .029 –.103 .035 .090 .115
NP20. You should buy what you are asked to buy to avoid being seen as stingy .662 .217 .039 –.175 .029 .198 .137
NP21. To compensate for emotional voids, people should fill them by making purchases .592 .213 .038 –.172 –.055 .132 .222
NP61. Women should pay attention to the purchasing decisions made by men .230 .732 .007 –.056 .079 .081 .033
NP62. A woman should prioritise the family when shopping and not focus on herself .124 .687 .095 .034 .245 .084 .067
NP60. A woman should refrain from expressing her opinion while shopping .230 .680 –.028 –.015 –.029 .166 .061
NP68. Men should prioritise family over personal indulgence when making purchases .083 .651 .101 .034 .257 .087 –.024
NP66. Man should avoid giving opinions when making purchases .162 .593 .081 –.012 –.038 .110 –.005
NP67. Men should pay attention to the purchasing decisions of women .122 .593 .082 .032 .084 .087 .074
NP 59. Women should involve men in their shopping decisions .252 .572 .130 –.034 .171 .131 .083
NP65. Men should ask women for their input when shopping .130 .567 .111 .083 .169 .103 .143
NP3. If people want to buy something, prepared to they make should sacrifices to obtain it –.040 .085 .844 .046 –.029 .060 –.016
NP2. People need to put in effort by working in order to afford the things they desire .050 –.037 .779 –.030 –.011 .063 .060
NP4. You have got to give up some things to get stuff your family needs –.020 .165 .745 .075 .131 .135 –.066
NP5. You should put an extra effort when you want to purchase a special treat –.034 –.003 .686 .095 .120 .043 .057
NP7. People should exert extra effort to acquire the items they wish to purchase .154 .140 .569 –.085 .173 .039 .193
NP8. People should seek extra income in order to purchase things they enjoy .031 .086 .485 .124 .188 –.045 .031
NP6. You have got to go through tough times to get what your loved ones need .272 .245 .485 –.102 .140 –.011 .233
NP55. People must be adapted to fit the budget and what you have –.072 –.094 .004 .831 .053 –.077 –.038
NP53. People ought to spend in accordance with their dinancial capabilities –.197 –.092 .093 .722 .058 –.085 –.058
NP 54. You should only spend what you've got –.082 .036 –.014 .703 .041 –.044 –.075
NP51. People must settle with the budget they have .031 .115 .027 .597 .079 .012 –.047
NP52. You must save to buy good products –.104 .024 .036 .456 .170 .058 –.028
NP37. When shopping, a father should prioritise his family before himself .065 .224 .201 .035 .671 .014 –.018
NP38. When shopping, a mother should prioritise her family over herself .070 .390 .146 .045 .646 .082 .104
NP34. People should make purchases with the well-being of their family in mind .032 .134 .150 .239 .492 .146 .062
NP36. People should consult with their family when making an purchase .019 .159 .034 .264 .436 .215 –.017
NP39. People should spend on things that benefit the entire family .045 –.046 .195 .298 .409 .218 –.037
NP43. You should ask a friend for their opinion when shopping .242 .262 .050 –.093 .076 .778 .076
NP45. Purchases should be made in consultation with others .160 .245 .073 –.054 .219 .675 .087
NP44. The opinion of older people should be consulted when making purchases .112 .236 .118 .026 .155 .661 .049
NPhappy 14. People must buy to feel .434 .090 .007 –.042 .004 .091 .706
NP 12. People should buy to feel good .326 .213 .129 –.124 .017 .025 .665
NP13. People should follow their heart when making a purchase .219 .029 .157 –.125 .037 .083 .461
  Total              
Items number 37 6 8 7 5 5 3 3
% Explained variance 62.21 24.11 12.08 8.25 6.09 4.69 3.65 3.30
Cronbach’s Alpha .890 .919 .871 .856 .797 .754 .828 733
McDonald’s Omega .900 .910 .861 .824 .780 .741 .828 743
Interfactor correlations F1 Affective Compensation F2 Gender Stereo-type F3 Self–sacrifice F4 Saving & Budgeting F5 Family F6 Social F7 Hedonism
Gender Stereotype .47*            
Self-sacrifice .18* .26*          
Saving & Budgeting –.18* .00 .04        
Family .18* .41* .33* .28*      
Social .37* .45* .21* –.06 .37*    
Hedonism .55* .28* .23* –.19* .10 .26*  
Mean 1.50 2.51 4.23 5.61 4.31 2.60 2.50
Standard deviation .95 1.30 1.39 1.13 1.30 1.40 1.36

* p < .001