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. 2025 Sep 8;25:929. doi: 10.1186/s12884-025-08049-2

Table 6.

Linear regression predicting depression and anxiety symptoms (N = 660)

Depression symptoms Anxiety symptoms
B SE β 95% CI p B SE β 95% CI p
LL UL LL UL
Step 1
Constant 8.09 1.14 5.84 10.33 < 0.001 7.18 0.96 5.31 9.06 < 0.001
Age − 0.07 0.04 − 0.08 − 0.14 0.00 ns − 0.09 0.03 − 0.12 − 0.15 − 0.03 0.003
Educational level 1.40 0.45 0.13 0.52 2.27 0.002 1.21 0.37 0.13 0.48 1.94 0.001
Employment status 1.61 0.70 0.09 0.24 2.98 0.021 0.92 0.58 0.06 − 0.21 2.06 Ns
Step 2
Constant 7.70 1.13 5.48 9.92 < 0.001 6.81 0.94 4.96 8.65 < 0.001
Age − 0.07 0.04 − 0.08 − 0.14 − 0.00 0.045 − 0.09 0.03 − 0.12 − 0.15 − 0.03 0.002
Educational level 1.10 0.45 0.10 0.23 1.98 0.014 0.93 0.37 0.10 0.21 1.66 0.012
Employment status 1.28 0.69 0.07 − 0.08 2.64 Ns 0.62 0.57 0.04 − 0.50 1.74 Ns
Abuse in childhood 1.64 0.37 0.17 0.91 2.37 < 0.001 1.59 0.31 0.20 0.98 2.19 < 0.001
Step 3
Constant 7.86 1.13 5.65 10.08 < 0.001 6.94 0.94 5.10 8.78 < 0.001
Age − 0.09 0.04 − 0.09 − 0.16 − 0.01 0.021 − 0.10 0.03 − 0.13 − 0.16 − 0.04 < 0.001
Educational level 1.08 0.44 0.10 0.21 1.95 015 0.92 0.37 0.10 0.19 1.64 0.013
Employment status 1.17 0.69 0.07 − 0.19 2.53 Ns 0.53 0.57 0.04 − 0.58 1.64 Ns
Violence in childhood 1.29 0.39 0.14 0.51 2.06 0.001 1.28 0.33 0.16 0.64 1.92 < 0.001
Violence in adulthood 1.02 0.39 0.11 0.24 1.79 0.010 0.88 0.33 0.11 24 1.53 0.007

Confidence intervals (CI) and standard errors are based on 1000 bootstrap samples. Depression: R2 = 0.042 for step 1; ΔR2 = 0.028 for Step 2 (p <.001); ΔR2 = 0.010 for Step 3 (p =.010); anxiety: R2 = 0.049 for step 1; ΔR2 = 0.038 for Step 2 (p <.001); ΔR2 = 0.010 for Step 3 (p =.007)