Table 6.

Comparison of clinical outcomes between diabetes patients with CVD who experienced DKA and those who did not develop DKA-HHS.

Morbidity	Non-DKA-HHS	DKA	Crude OR (95% CI)	aOR (95% CI)*
	n = 5,955,439	n = 62,052
In-hospital mortality	241,201 (4.1)	4,675 (7.5)	1.93 (1.87–1.99)	2.28 (2.21–2.35)
Acute respiratory failure	1,434,559 (24.1)	15,765 (25.4)	1.07 (1.05–1.09)	1.04 (1.02–1.06)
Septic shock	71,973 (1.2)	1,498 (2.4)	2.02 (1.92–2.13)	2.15 (2.04–2.26)
Acute kidney failure	1,821,285 (30.6)	37,229 (60.0)	3.40 (3.35–3.46)	3.66 (3.60–3.73)
Sepsis	752,538 (12.6)	17,398 (28.0)	2.69 (2.65–2.74)	2.68 (2.63–2.73)
Acute neurological failure	279,756 (4.7)	4,197 (6.8)	1.47 (1.43–1.52)	1.83 (1.78–1.89)
Pulmonary embolism	78,984 (1.3)	864 (1.4)	1.05 (0.98–1.12)	0.89 (0.83–0.95)
Deep vein thrombosis	78,066 (1.3)	1,012 (1.6)	1.25 (1.17–1.33)	1.23 (1.16–1.31)
Acute liver failure	51,408 (0.9)	1,575 (2.5)	2.99 (2.84–3.15)	2.58 (2.45–2.71)
Mechanical ventilation	296,947 (5.0)	8,223 (13.3)	2.91 (2.84–2.98)	2.64 (2.58–2.71)
Noninvasive ventilation	324,863 (5.5)	2,780 (4.5)	0.81 (0.78–0.84)	0.75 (0.72–0.78)

^*Model adjusted for age, race, admission type, insurance status, income quartile, patient location, hospital bed size, hospital location/teaching status, number of medical comorbidities, and admission year.