Fig. 6. The IP₃ signaling pathway is involved in the perception of multiple odor signals.

(A) Diagram for the measurement of IP₃ content after odor exposure in locust antennae. (B) IP₃ concentration in locust antennae after plant volatile (Z)-3-HA, aposematic pheromone PAN, and locust sex pheromone DBP exposure (n = 12). (C) Diagram for the measurement of IP₃ content after odor exposure in the locust brain. (D) IP₃ concentration in the locust brains of (Z)-3-HA–, PAN-, and DBP-exposed locusts (n = 12). (E to G) Dose-response curves of antennae to (Z)-3-HA (E), PAN (F), and DBP (G) in gregarious locusts after being injected with heparin. (H to J) Behavioral responses of gregarious locusts to (Z)-3-HA (H), PAN (I), and DBP (J) after being injected with heparin (n = 23). Comparisons of IP₃ content were analyzed by the two-tailed unpaired t test (B and D). P values in electrophysiological recordings were determined by the two-tailed unpaired t test (D to F). Data of dual-choice behavior experiments were analyzed by the MWU test (H to J). Data are presented as the means ± SEM. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.