Table 1.

Study Interview Guide

Social Ecological Model Level: Individual

If comfortable sharing, can you describe an incident where you experienced WPV of any kind?

What interventions to WPV would you personally prioritize and why?

Social Ecological Model Level: Interpersonal

How would you describe team collaboration during WPV events?

What helps or hinders your ability to quickly assess a WPV incident in the department?

Social Ecological Model Level: Systems

What does a culture of patient safety look like to you?

How are certain clinician roles or patient populations impacted by WPV, if at all?

Tell me some things that have worked in addressing workplace. What interventions do not work and why?

Note. WPV, workplace violence.

Interview guide for in-depth interviews. Focus group interviews were centered mostly in the “Systems” level.