Table 4.
Weighted odds ratios from logistic regression estimating the association between periodontitis and diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes mellitus was excluded from the models because all participants with diabetic retinopathy had diabetes
| Variables | Model 1* | Model 2† | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | P-value | OR (95% CI) | P-value | |
| Age (years) | ||||
| 40 to 64 | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| 65 to 74 | 2.01 (1.45–2.78) | < 0.001 | 1.67 (1.19–2.33) | 0.003 |
| More than 75 | 1.48 (0.91–2.41) | 0.115 | 1.18 (0.71–1.95) | 0.529 |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | – | – | Reference | – |
| Male | – | – | 1.04 (0.77–1.41) | 0.791 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | ||||
| Less than 22.9 | – | – | Reference | – |
| 23.0 to 24.9 | – | – | 1.02 (0.70–1.51) | 0.903 |
| More than 25.0 | – | – | 1.00 (0.70–1.43) | 0.978 |
| Hypertension | – | – | 2.00 (1.45–2.76) | < 0.001 |
| Periodontitis | 1.72 (1.27–2.32) | < 0.001 | 1.66 (1.22–2.24) | 0.001 |
OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval
*Model 1: Adjusted for age only
†Model 2: Adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, and hypertension