Table 1.
Demographic characteristics.
| Variables | Category | Non-dysphagia group (n=71) | Dysphagia group (n=72) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender, n (%) | Male | 19 (26.8) | 33 (45.8) | 0.018 |
| Female | 52 (73.2) | 39 (54.2) | ||
| Age (years) | 51.00 [36.75, 59.00] | 50.00 [37.00, 57.50] | 0.336 | |
| Education, n (%) | Primary school and below | 17 (23.9%) | 24 (28.7) | 0.518 |
| Junior middle school | 16 (22.5) | 18 (23.8) | ||
| Senior middle school | 12 (16.9) | 10 (15.4) | ||
| University and above | 26 (36.6) | 20 (32.2) | ||
| Marital status, n (%) | Unmarried | 13 (18.3) | 10 (13.9) | 0.847 |
| Divorcee | 3 (4.2) | 2 (2.8) | ||
| Married | 53 (74.6) | 58 (80.6) | ||
| Widowed | 2 (2.8) | 2 (2.8) | ||
| Occupation, n (%) | Professional and technical staff | 10 (14.1) | 7 (9.7) | 0.931 |
| Staff member | 8 (11.3) | 8 (11.1) | ||
| Functionary | 2 (2.8) | 1 (1.4) | ||
| Peasants | 14 (19.7) | 18 (25.0) | ||
| Workers | 1 (1.4) | 1 (1.4) | ||
| Profession | 3 (4.2) | 5 (6.9) | ||
| Others | 33 (46.5) | 32 (44.4) | ||
| Smoking history, n (%) | No | 63 (88.7%) | 58 (80.6) | 0.211 |
| Quit smoking | 1 (1.4) | 5 (6.9) | ||
| Yes | 7 (9.9%) | 9 (12.5) | ||
| Alcohol consumption, n (%) | Never | 61 (85.9) | 55(76.4) | 0.196 |
| Gave up | 0 (0) | 1(1.4) | ||
| Drink occasionally | 10 (14.1) | 13(18.1) | ||
| Drink heavily | 0 (0) | 3(4.2) | ||
| Comorbidities, n (%) | No | 60 (84.5) | 56 (77.8) | 0.304 |
| Yes | 11 (15.5) | 16 (22.2) | ||
| Dentures, n (%) | No | 64 (90.1) | 63 (87.5) | 0.616 |
| Yes | 7 (9.9) | 9 (12.5) | ||
| History of choking, n (%) | No | 68 (97.1) | 51 (77.3) | 0.000 |
| Yes | 2 (2.9) | 15 (22.7) | ||
| Surgical site, n (%) | Bridge cerebellar corner area | 53 (74.6) | 55 (76.4) | 0.426 |
| Brainstem | 5 (7) | 5 (6.9) | ||
| Encephalocele | 1 (1.4) | 2 (2.8) | ||
| Epencephal | 6 (8.5) | 5 (6.9) | ||
| Rock slope area | 1 (1.4) | 4 (5.6) | ||
| Else* | 5 (7) | 1 (1.4) | ||
| Surgical duration (h) | 4.35 [3.38, 6.0] | 6.0 [4.5, 7.23] | 0.001 | |
| Anesthesia duration (h) | 6.2 [5.2, 7.43] | 7.33 [6.05, 8.5] | 0.004 | |
| Presence of gastric tube, n (%) | No | 68 (95.8) | 57 (80.3) | 0.004 |
| Yes | 3 (4.2) | 14 (19.7) | ||
| Hemoglobin | 126.06 ± 17.8 2 | 123.32 ± 17.68 | 0.358 | |
| Serum albumin | 38.08 ± 4.69 | 36.71 ± 4.2 4 | 0.071 | |
| Triglyceride | 1.275 [0.87, 2.32] | 0.980 [0.72, 1.65] | 0.027 | |
| Total cholesterol | 4.31 [3.77, 4.77] | 3.71 [3.14, 4.44] | 0.002 | |
| NRS 2002, n (%) | 0 | 47 (66.2) | 22 (30.6) | 0.000 |
| 1 | 15 (21.1) | 25 (34.7) | ||
| 2 | 5 (7) | 13 (18.1) | ||
| 3 | 3 (4.2) | 7 (9.7) | ||
| 4 | 1 (1.4) | 3 (4.2) | ||
| 5 | 0 (0) | 1 (1.4) | ||
| 6 | 0 (0) | 1 (1.4) |
*Note: else: refers to the cerebellar vermis and the jugular foramen in the surgical site categories.