TABLE 2.

Classical Astragalus-based formulas: Composition, indications, and reporting in original studies.

Classical formula name	Main metabolites	Dosage information (if available)	Indications	Detailed composition and preparation reported in original studies?	References
Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction	Astragalus, Cinnamon Twig, White Peony, Angelica, Ligusticum	Dosages vary by study	Alleviation of tumor-related symptoms, immune enhancement	Partially reported	Chen et al. (2014), Yu et al. (2024), Chen et al. (2022b)
Buzhong Yiqi Decoction	Astragalus, Ginseng, Atractylodes, Angelica, Tangerine Peel, Licorice	Dosages vary by study	Adjuvant tumor therapy, immune function improvement	Partially reported	Zeng et al. (2024), Qiao et al. (2025)
Huangqi Jianzhong Decoction	Astragalus, Atractylodes, Licorice, Fresh Ginger, Jujube, Cinnamon Twig	Dosages vary by study	Relief of chemotherapy side effects in gastric cancer, quality of life improvement	Mostly reported	Xiao et al. (2024), Hu et al. (2022)