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. 2025 Aug 26;17(17):2783. doi: 10.3390/cancers17172783
FNA fine needle aspiration
PDAC pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
MCN mucinous cystic neoplasm
SPN solid papillary neoplasm
SCN serous cystic neoplasm
IPMN intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm
IPMN-MD IPMN main duct
IMPN-BD IPMN branch duct
PD pancreatoduodenectomy
DP distal pancreatectomy
TP total pancreatectomy
EUS endoscopic ultrasound
CA 19-9 serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9
WBC white blood cell count
CRP C-reactive protein
sEGFR soluble epidermal growth factor receptor
sIL-6Ra soluble interleukin-6 receptor alpha
FGF fibroblast growth factor
sVEGFR-1/-2 soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1/-2
PECAM-1 platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1
PDGF-AB/BB platelet derived growth factor—AB/BB
G-CSF granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
HGF hepatocyte growth factor
sTIE-2 soluble TIE-2
SCF stem cell factor
BMI body mass index
ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists
LEC lymphoepithelial cyst
MRI magnetic resonance imaging
CEA carcinoembryonic antigen
IL interleukin
IP-10 interferon gamma-induced protein-10
PDGFRβ PDGF receptor β
PSCs pancreatic stellate cells
Ang-1 angiopoietin-1
Ang-2 angiopoietin-2