| ANOVA | Analysis of variance |
| BFP | Bangia fusco-purpurea |
| CG | Composite gel |
| S-S | Disulfide bonds |
| FS | Free sulfhydryl |
| PBS | Phosphate-buffered saline |
| SEM | Scanning electron microscopy |
| SH | Surface hydrophobicity |
| SPI | Soybean protein isolate |
| TPA | Texture profile analysis |
| TS | Total sulfhydryl |