| DSE | Direct somatic embryogenesis |
| ISE | Indirect somatic embryogenesis |
| M9 | Non-embryogenic line |
| M9-10a | Embryogenic line |
| PEMs | Pro-embryogenic masses |
| PGRs | Plant growth regulators |
| SE | Somatic embryogenesis |
| SIM | SUMO-interacting motif |
| SUMO | Small ubiquitin-like modifier |