| ABVN | auricular branch of the vagus nerve |
| ACC | anterior cingulate cortex |
| ACS | alternating current stimulation |
| AD | Alzheimer’s disease |
| AP | area postrema |
| ASD | autism spectrum disorder |
| BDNF | brain-derived neurotrophic factor |
| BF | basal forebrain |
| CREB | cAMP response element-binding protein |
| DBS | deep brain stimulation |
| DCS | direct current stimulation |
| DLB | dementia with Lewy bodies |
| DMN | dorsal motor nucleus of the VN |
| DNMT | DNA methyltransferase |
| ECT | electroconvulsive therapy |
| 5-caC | 5-carboxylcytosine |
| 5-mC | 5-methyl cytosine |
| 5-fC | 5-formylcytosine |
| 5-hmC | 5-hydroxymethylcytosine |
| GABA | γ-aminobutyric acid |
| Gadd45 | growth arrest and DNA damage 45 |
| GluR1 | glutamatergic receptor 1 |
| LC | locus coeruleus |
| LTP | Long- term potentiation |
| L-VGCC | L-type voltage-gated calcium channel |
| MCI | mild cognitive impairment |
| MeCP2 | methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 |
| MWM | Morris water maze |
| NA | nucleus ambiguus |
| NCoR | nuclear co-repressor |
| NEDD8 | neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally down-regulated gene 8 |
| NMDAR | N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor |
| NORT | novel object recognition test |
| Nrp1 | neuropilin-1 |
| NST | nucleus of the solitary tract |
| NT | neurotrophin |
| PD | Parkinson’s disease |
| PFC | prefrontal cortex |
| PKA | protein kinase A |
| PPN | pedunculopontine nucleus |
| PrL | prelimbic cortex |
| PSD95 | postsynaptic protein 95 |
| RN | raphe nuclei |
| SAMP8 | senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 |
| SNT | spinal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve |
| TaVNS | transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation |
| TBRS | Tatton-Brown Rahman syndrome |
| Tet | ten-eleven translocation |
| TMS | transcranial magnetic stimulation |