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. 2025 Aug 29;14(17):6122. doi: 10.3390/jcm14176122

Table 2.

Comparison of recipient candidate background.

Overall Secondary
Research Enrollment
Virtual Cross-Match Group Excluded Group p Value * Living Kidney Transplantation (2012–2021) p Value **
117 80 37 14,354
Age (years) 52.1 ± 10.6 51.2 ± 10.7 53.9 ± 10.3 0.201 47.2 N/A
Age distribution 0–9 1 1 0 0.166 252 1.000
10–19 0 0 0 430
20–29 1 1 0 1156
30–39 18 10 8 2388
40–49 27 23 4 3415
50–59 46 31 15 3199
60–69 24 14 10 2922
70- 0 0 0 592
Sex (male/female) 22:95 15:65 7:30 1.000 9192:5162 <0.001
Blood type (compatible/incompatible) 65:49 45:35 20:14 0.839 8671:4033 0.029
HLA mismatch 0 2 0 2 0.024 535 0.024
1 0 0 0 682
2 6 2 4 2099
3 30 17 13 3458
4 20 16 4 1607
5 41 30 11 1743
6 18 15 3 953
Direct XM T warm (positive/negative) 50:54 32:39 18:15 0.669 81:11,248 <0.001
Direct XM B warm (positive/negative) 58:39 37:30 21:9 0.044 265:11,007 <0.001
Flow XM T (positive/negative) 86:21 61:14 25:7 0.717 501:11,026 <0.001
Flow XM B (positive/negative) 102:2 73:0 29:2 0.083 990:10,147 <0.001
Flow PRA class1 0–less than 20% 9 6 3 0.847 5276 <0.001
20–less than 40% 6 3 3 180
40–less than 60% 8 6 2 113
60–less than 80% 9 7 2 70
80–100% 17 12 5 66
Flow PRA class2 0–less than 20% 13 12 1 0.101 5334 <0.001
20–less than 40% 2 2 0 134
40–less than 60% 9 6 3 72
60–less than 80% 6 6 3 60
80–100% 15 7 8 66
DSA (positive/negative) 117:0 80:0 37:0 1.000 777:5837 <0.001

* Comparison between the virtual cross-match group and the excluded group. ** Comparison between the virtual cross-match group and living kidney transplantation (2012–2021). N/A, not available. Bolded numbers indicate significant differences.