| AJCC | American Joint Committee on Cancer |
| CPS | Combined positive score |
| EMA | European Medicines Agency |
| ESMO | European Society for Medical Oncology |
| FFPE | Formalin-fixed: paraffin-embedded |
| GC | Gastric cancer |
| GI | Gastrointestinal |
| IHC | Immunohistochemistry |
| IQR | Interquartile ranges |
| IL | Interleukin |
| IO | Immunotherapy |
| NCCN | National Comprehensive Cancer Network |
| NSCLC | Non-small cell lung cancer |
| PD-L1 | Programmed death-ligand 1 |
| SIGLEC-15 | Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin 15 |
| TAMs | Tumor-associated macrophages |
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