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. 2025 Aug 30;14(17):6139. doi: 10.3390/jcm14176139
EAT Epicardial adipose tissue
HFpEF Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
HF Heart failure
SGLT2 Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2
CT Computed tomography
MRI Magnetic resonance imaging
NT-proBNP N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide
GLP-1 Glucagon-like peptide-1
HFrEF Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
LVEDV Left ventricular end-diastolic volume
VAT Visceral adipose tissue
UCP1 Uncoupling Protein 1
ATP Adenosine triphosphate
RA Right atrium
PCWP Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
PA Pulmonary artery
BMI Body mass index
RV Right ventricle
LA Left atrium
CMR Cardiac magnetic resonance
PKC Protein Kinase C
NADPH Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate
ROS Reactive oxygen species
PPAR-γ Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
SAT Subcutaneous adipose tissue
RBP4 Retinol-binding protein 4
TLR-4 Toll-like receptor 4
NF-κB Nuclear Factor kappa B
ICD Implantable cardioverter–defibrillator
cCT Cardiac-gated computed tomography
FAI Fat attenuation index
CCTA Coronary CT angiography
PCAT Pericoronary adipose tissue
PAAT Periatrial adipose tissue
TNF-α Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha
PCSK9 Pro-protein convertase subtilisin/kexin type-9
GIP Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide
DPP-4 Dipeptidyl peptidase-4
CRP C-reactive protein
GCG Glucagon gene
ASCs Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells