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. 2025 Sep 6;26(17):8697. doi: 10.3390/ijms26178697
AMPAR α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor
AMPK AMP-activated protein kinase
ATP Adenosine triphosphate
BDNF Brain-derived neurotrophic factor
CAT Catalase
CYFIP1 Cytoplasmic FMRP-associated protein 1
Cox Cytochrome C oxidase
CREB cAMP response element-binding protein
CS mRNA Citrate synthase microRNA
DCX Doublecortin
DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid
DRP1 Dynamin-Related Protein 1
ETC Electron transport chain
FIS1 Fission Protein 1
GSH-Px Glutathione peroxidase
HIIT High-intensity interval training
IDO Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase
IL Interleukin
IMM Inner mitochondrial membrane
LTP Long-term potentiation
MCT Monocarboxylate transporters
MDD Major depressive disorder
MFN1, 2 Mitofusin 1 and 2
mtDNA Mitochondrial DNA
NCAM neural cell adhesion molecule
NF-κB Nuclear factor kappa B
OPA Optic Atrophy
p-JNK Protein JUN N-terminal kinases
p38 MAPK p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase,
Parkin Ubiquitin-protein ligase
PBMC Peripheral blood mononuclear cell
PGC-1α Active peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α
PINK1/Parkin putative kinase 1/Parkin E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase
ROS Reactive oxygen species
SIRT1 Silent Information Regulator T1
SOD Superoxide dismutase
SSRIs Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
TNF-α Tumoral necrosis factor α
TRD Treatment-resistant depression
VEGF Vascular endothelial growth factor