3-HK	3-hydroxykynurenine
ABG-001	tetradecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate
acdA	acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase
AChE	acetylcholinesterase
ACSBG1	acyl-CoA synthetase, bubblegum family, member 1 gene
AD	Alzheimer’s disease
ADRA2B	adrenoceptor alpha 2B
AhR	aryl hydrocarbon receptor
Apo-E4	apolipoprotein E4
APP	amyloid-beta precursor protein
ArAT	aromatic amino acid aminotransferase
Aβ	β-amyloid
BBB	blood–brain barrier
BChE	butyrylcholinesterase
BDNF:	brain-derived neurotrophic factor
CSF	cerebrospinal fluid
CYP1A1	cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily A, polypeptide 1
CYP3A	cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A
EC50	half maximal effective concentration
ECM	extracellular matrix
EDSS	Expanded Disability Status Scale
fldBC	phenyllactate dehydratase BC
FOXO3a	forkhead box O3
GPR	G-protein-coupled receptor
HCAR3	hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 3
HD	Huntington’s disease
HK2	hexokinase 2
Hsc70	heat shock cognate 70 kDa protein
IA	indoleacrylic acid
IAA	indole-3-acetic acid
IDO1	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1
IFN-γ	interferon gamma
IL-1β/4/6/10	interleukin 1β/4/6/10
IL4I1	interleukin 4-induced 1
ILA	indolelactic acid
ILDH	indole-lactate dehydrogenase
iNOS	inducible nitric oxide synthase
IPA	indole-3-propionic acid
IPAM	indolepropionamide
iPROACT-pilot	Indole-3-PROpionic Acid Clinical Trials-a Pilot Study
IPyA	indole-3-pyruvic acid
JAK1/2	Janus kinase 1/2
KATs	kynurenine aminotransferases
KMO	kynurenine 3-monooxygenase
KP	kynurenine pathway
KYNA	kynurenic acid
LC3	light chain 3
LPS	lipopolysaccharide
MAO	monoamino-oxidase
MCAO	middle cerebral artery occlusion
MCP-1/CCL2	monocyte chemoattractant protein-1
MMP	matrix metalloproteinase;
NAD	nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
NF-κB	nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
NGF	nerve growth factor
NLRP3	NLR family pyrin domain containing 3
NMDA	N-methyl-D-aspartate type
NR1I2	nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2 gene
Oatp1a4	organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1a4
PD	Parkinson’s disease
PKM2	pyruvate kinase muscle isozyme
PPARα	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α
PXR	pregnane X receptor
QUIN	quinolinic acid
RAGE	receptor for advanced glycation end-products
ROS	reactive oxygen species
SCD2/3	stearoyl-CoA desaturase 2/3 gene
SIRT1	sirtuin 1
STAT3/6	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3/6
TAA	Trp aminotransferase
TDO	tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase
TGF-1	transforming growth factor β1
Th17	T helper 17 cells
TIARSCeD	Tryptophan for Impaired AhR Signaling in Celiac Disease
TLRs	Toll-like receptors
TNF-α	tumor necrosis factor-α
Treg	regulatory T cells
Trp	tryptophan
α7nAChR	α-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor